Ikinini cya Vitamine C kizwi cyane mu kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri w'umuntu
Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa
| Igicuruzwa | Vitamine C |
| CAS | 50-81-7 |
| Isura | Ifu y'umweru cyangwa iy'umweru ikoze mu cyuma |
| Gushonga | Ishonga mu mazi, ishonga gato muri ethanol, idashobora gushonga muri ether, benzene, amavuta, nibindi |
Vitamine C (Vitamine C), izwi ku izina rya aside Ascorbic (Aside Ascorbic), formula ya molekile ni C6H8O6, ni igikoresho cya polyhydroxyl kirimo atome 6 za karuboni, ni vitamine ishongeshwa mu mazi ikenewe kugira ngo umubiri ukomeze gukora neza no gukora neza kw'uturemangingo. Isura ya vitamine C nziza ni ifu y'umweru cyangwa kristu, ishobora gushonga mu mazi, ishonga gato muri ethanol, ntishongeshwa muri ether, benzene, amavuta, nibindi. Vitamine C ifite aside, igabanya, ikora neza kandi ifite karubohidrati, kandi ifite hydroxylation, antioxidant, yongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kandi igakuraho uburozi mu mubiri w'umuntu. Inganda zikoresha uburyo bwa biosynthesis (fermentation) kugira ngo zitegure vitamine C, vitamine C ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi no mu rwego rw'ibiribwa.
| Imiterere y'umubiri n'imiti | 1. Ishusho: kristu yera cyangwa ifu ya kristu. 2. Gushonga: byoroshye gushonga mu mazi, gushonga gato muri ethanol, kudashonga muri ether, benzene, amavuta, n'ibindi. 3. Igikorwa cy'amaso: Vitamine C ifite isomer 4 z'amaso, kandi uburyo bwo kuzenguruka bw'amazi arimo aside L-ascorbic ya 0.10 g/ml ni +20.5 °-+21.5 °. 4. Aside: Vitamine C ifite ishingiro rya enediol, ikaba ari aside, muri rusange igaragara nk'aside yoroshye ishobora gukorana na sodium bicarbonate ikabyara umunyu wa sodium. 5. Imiterere ya karubohidrati: Imiterere ya vitamine C isa n'iy'isukari, hamwe n'imiterere y'isukari, ishobora gushonga no gukurwamo karubohidrati kugira ngo ikore pentose mu gihe ihari, kandi igakomeza gutakaza amazi kugira ngo ikore, kongeramo pyrrole no gushyushya kuri 50 ºC bizatanga ubururu. 6. Imiterere y’uburyo imirasire y’urumuri ifata: Bitewe n’uko hari imigozi ibiri ifatanye mu ngirabuzimafatizo za vitamine C, umuti wayo ugabanya imirasire ufite ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza imirasire ku rugero rwa 243 nm, kandi uburebure bw’imirasire y’imirasire y’urumuri buzamuka bugashyirwa kuri 265 nm mu gihe cy’aside cyangwa alkaline. 7. Kugabanuka kw'ibinure: itsinda rya enediol riri muri vitamine rigabanuka cyane, rihamye mu bidukikije birimo aside, kandi byoroshye kwangirika mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe, urumuri, aerobic na alkaline. Vitamine C irakurwamo oxidation kugira ngo ikore imiterere ya dehydrovitamin C ishingiye kuri diketo, dehydrovitamin C irashobora kuboneka nyuma yo kugabanya hydrogenation ya vitamine C. Byongeye kandi, mu gisubizo cya alkaline no mu gisubizo cya aside ikomeye, dehydrovitamin C ishobora kongera gukurwamo hydrolyze kugira ngo ibone aside diketogulonic. |
| Imikorere y'umubiri | 1. Gukuraho amazi mu mubiri Vitamine C igira uruhare mu mikorere ya hydroxylation mu mubiri w'umuntu, ibi bikaba bifitanye isano n'imikorere y'ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi mu mubiri w'umuntu. Urugero, vitamine C ishobora kugira uruhare mu gutuma cholesterol ihinduka aside bile; Yongera imikorere ya oxidase ivanze; Igira uruhare mu mikorere ya hydroxylase kandi igateza imbere ikorwa rya aside amine 5-hydroxytryptamine na norepinephrine. 2. Antioxydants Vitamine C iragabanuka cyane kandi ni antioxydant nziza cyane ishongesha mu mazi, ishobora kugabanya hydroxyl radicals, superoxides n'izindi oxydes zigira akamaro mu mubiri w'umuntu, kandi ishobora gukuraho free radicals no gukumira lipide peroxidation. 3. Kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri Imikorere ya phagocyte ya leukocyte ifitanye isano n'urugero rwa vitamine mu maraso. Ingaruka za vitamine C zo kurwanya ogisijeni zishobora kugabanya umugozi wa disulfide (-S - S -) mu mubiri w’umurwayi urwanya sulfhydryl (-SH), hanyuma bigatera kugabanuka kwa cystine muri cysteine, kandi amaherezo bigatera imbere kuremwa kwa antibody. 4. Kuvana uburozi mu mubiri Vitamine C nyinshi ishobora gukora kuri iyoni z’ibyuma biremereye nka Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, uburozi bwa bagiteri, benzene na lysine zimwe na zimwe z’imiti. Uburyo nyamukuru ni ubu bukurikira: uburyo bwinshi bwo kugabanya vitamine C bushobora gukura glutathione ya oxidized mu mubiri w’umuntu, hanyuma igakora complexe irimo iyoni z’ibyuma biremereye zisohoka mu mubiri; Kubera ko ogisijeni iri mu mwanya wa C2 wa vitamine C iba ifite amashanyarazi mabi, vitamine C ubwayo ishobora kandi guhuzwa na iyoni z’ibyuma hanyuma igasohoka mu mubiri binyuze mu nkari; Vitamine C yongera imikorere ya enzymes (hydroxylation) kugira ngo yorohereze gusohora uburozi n’imiti. 5. Kwinjira no gukoresha ingano y'ibinyabutabire mu mubiri Uburyo vitamine C yinjizwa mu mubiri w'umuntu binyuze mu kurya biva mu mara mato, ahanini ni uburyo bwo kuyitwara mu mara mato yo hejuru bukorwa n'icyuma gitwara ibintu, kandi ingano nto yinjizwa mu mara mato. Iyo vitamine C ikiri nke, hafi ya zose zishobora kwinjira, kandi iyo igeze kuri 500 mg / d, igipimo cyo kuyinjiramo kizagabanuka kigera kuri 75%. Vitamine C yinjizwamo izahita yinjira mu maraso igere mu ngingo zitandukanye z'umubiri. Vitamine C nyinshi mu mubiri w'umuntu zihinduka aside oxalic, aside 2, 3-diketogulonic, cyangwa zigahuzwa na aside sulfuric kugira ngo hakorwe aside ascorbate-2-sulfuric hanyuma zigasohorwa mu nkari; Zimwe muri zo zisohorwa mu nkari. Ingano ya vitamine C isohoka mu nkari iterwa n'uko vitamine C iboneka, imikorere y'impyiko, n'ubwinshi bw'ubwibukire bubitse mu mubiri. |
| Uburyo bwo kubika | Irinde kubika hamwe na okisidasiyo zikomeye na alkali, kandi ubibike mu gikoresho gifunze cyuzuyemo imyuka idafite umwuka ku bushyuhe buke.
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Ibyiza byacu
1.Dufite itsinda ry’abahanga kandi rikora neza rishobora guhaza ibyifuzo byanyu bitandukanye.
2.Kuba afite ubumenyi bwinshi n'uburambe mu kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya shimi, kandi akagira ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha neza.
3. Sisitemu ni nziza, kuva ku gutanga kugeza ku gukora, gupakira, kugenzura ubuziranenge, nyuma yo kugurisha, no kuva ku bwiza kugeza kuri serivisi kugira ngo abakiriya banyurwe.
4. Inyungu ku giciro. Tugamije kwemeza ubuziranenge, tuzaguha igiciro cyiza kugira ngo bifashe abakiriya kongera inyungu zabo.
5. Ibyiza by'ubwikorezi, mu kirere, mu mazi, ku butaka, mu buryo bwa vuba, byose bifite abakozi bihariye bo kubyitaho. Uburyo bwose bwo gutwara abantu ushaka gukoresha, turabushobora.
