Imbuto n'imboga zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwibasirwa n'imiti yica udukoko n'ibisigazwa bya shimi, bityo ni ngombwa cyane kuzikaraba neza mbere yo kurya.
Gukaraba imboga zose mbere yo kurya ni uburyo bworoshye bwo gukuraho umwanda, bagiteri n'ibisigazwaimiti yica udukoko.
Impeshyi ni igihe cyiza cyo kuvugurura umwanya wawe n'ingeso zawe. Mu gihe usukura akabati kawe kandi uhanagura imbaho zawe zo hasi, ntukibagirwe gukurikirana akabati kawe k'ibikomoka ku bimera. Waba ugura mu gice cy'ibiribwa bikomoka ku bimera mu iduka ryawe, ku isoko ry'abahinzi bo mu gace utuyemo, cyangwa utumiza ibiribwa bishya kugira ngo bigerweho, itegeko ry'ingenzi riracyakurikizwa: oza imbuto n'imboga zawe.
Nubwo ibiryo byinshi biri ku maduka y’ibiribwa ari byiza kubirya, bishobora kuba bigifite uduce tw’imiti yica udukoko, umwanda na bagiteri. Inkuru nziza ni uko udakwiye guhangayika. Dukurikije gahunda ya mudasobwa ikoreshwa mu gusesengura ibiyobyabwenge (PDF) ya Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi ya Amerika, ibirenga 99 ku ijana by’ibiribwa byapimwe byujuje ibisabwa ku mutekano by’Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Amerika (EPA), kandi ibirenga kimwe cya kane nta bisigazwa by’imiti yica udukoko na gato bifite.
Ariko, nk'igice cyo gukira kwawe mu mpeshyi, kugira akamenyero ko koza imboga zose mbere yo kurya ni igikorwa cyiza ku buzima bwawe no ku mahoro yawe yo mu mutima.
Mu by’ukuri, imiti imwe n’imwe n’imiti yica udukoko ishobora gusiga neza. Kandi si imiti yose ishobora kwangiza, bityo ntugatinye ubutaha wibagiwe koza imbuto n’imboga zawe. Uzaba umeze neza, kandi amahirwe yo kurwara ni make cyane. Ibyo bivuzwe, hari ibindi bibazo ugomba guhangayikishwa na byo, nk’ibyago bya bagiteri n’ibisebe nka salmonella, listeria, E. coli, na mikorobe zituruka mu maboko y’abandi bantu.
Hari ubwoko bw'ibihingwa bukunze kuba burimo ibisigazwa by'imiti yica udukoko kurusha ubundi. Kugira ngo abaguzi bafashe kumenya imbuto n'imboga birimo ibisigazwa by'imiti yica udukoko cyane, Ishami rishinzwe ibidukikije, umuryango udaharanira inyungu uharanira umutekano w'ibiribwa, ryasohoye urutonde rwitwa "Dirty Dozen." Iri tsinda ryasuzumye ingero 47.510 z'ubwoko 46 bw'imbuto n'imboga byageragejwe n'Ikigo gishinzwe ibiribwa n'imiti muri Amerika n'Ishami rishinzwe ubuhinzi muri Amerika, bagaragaza izari zifite ibisigazwa by'imiti yica udukoko mu gihe cyo kugurisha.
Ariko se, nk'uko ubushakashatsi buheruka bwa Dirty Dozen bubivuga, ni iyihe mbuto ifite ibisigazwa byinshi by'imiti yica udukoko? Imbuto z'inkeri. Biragoye kubyemera, ariko ingano yose y'imiti yabonetse muri iyi mbuto ikunzwe yari hejuru kurusha izindi mbuto cyangwa imboga zose zasesenguwe.
Hasi aha uzasangamo ibiryo 12 bishobora kuba birimo imiti yica udukoko n'ibiryo 15 bishobora kuba bidahumanya cyane.
Dirty Dozen ni ikimenyetso cyiza cyo kwibutsa abaguzi imbuto n'imboga bakeneye gukaraba neza. Ndetse no koza vuba n'amazi cyangwa gutera isabune bishobora gufasha.
Ushobora kandi kwirinda ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kubaho ugura imbuto n'imboga byemewe n'amategeko, bitarimo imiti yica udukoko mu buhinzi. Kumenya ibiryo bishobora kuba birimo imiti yica udukoko bishobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo cyo gukoresha amafaranga make ku bihingwa bikomoka ku buhinzi. Nkuko nabimenye igihe nasesenguraga ibiciro by'ibihingwa bikomoka ku buhinzi n'ibitari ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ntabwo biri hejuru cyane nkuko wabitekereza.
Ibicuruzwa bifite irangi ririnda indwara karemano ntabwo bikunze kuba birimo imiti yica udukoko ishobora kwangiza.
Clean 15 yari ifite urwego rwo hasi cyane rw'ubwandu bw'imiti yica udukoko ugereranyije n'ibindi byapimwe, ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko nta bwandu bw'imiti yica udukoko bwari burimo. Birumvikana ko ibyo bitavuze ko imbuto n'imboga uzanye mu rugo nta bwandu bwa bagiteri zirimo. Mu mibare, ni byiza kurya ibikomoka ku bimera bitakarabye muri Clean 15 kuruta kurya ibya Dirty Dozen, ariko ni itegeko ryiza ryo koza imbuto n'imboga zose mbere yo kurya.
Uburyo bwa EWG burimo ibimenyetso bitandatu byerekana ko imiti yica udukoko yandujwe. Isesengura ryibanze ku mbuto n'imboga byashoboraga kuba birimo umuti wica udukoko umwe cyangwa myinshi, ariko ntiryapimye urwego rw'umuti wica udukoko umwe mu bicuruzwa runaka. Ushobora gusoma byinshi kuri raporo y'ubushakashatsi ya Dirty Dozen muri EWG hano.
Mu bipimo byapimwe byasesenguwe, itsinda rishinzwe ibidukikije ryasanze 95 ku ijana by'imbuto n'imboga bya "Dirty Dozen" byari bisizwe imiti ishobora kwangiza. Ku rundi ruhande, hafi 65 ku ijana by'imbuto n'imboga bya "Clean Fifteen" nta miti irwanya indwara.
Itsinda rishinzwe ibidukikije ryavumbuye ubwoko butandukanye bw’imiti yica udukoko ubwo ryasesenguraga ingero z’ibizamini maze risanga ine muri eshanu z’imiti yica udukoko ikunze gukoreshwa cyane ari imiti ishobora guteza akaga: fludioxonil, pyraclostrobin, boscalid na pyrimethanil.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Mata 2025