Ikigeragezo cyateganijwe cyo gusuzuma uburyo bwo kuvura udukoko twica malariya mu ngo zidafite ubuzima muri Tanzaniya | Ikinyamakuru Malariya

Gushyira inshundura zica udukoko hafi ya eva, idirishya no gufungura urukuta mumazu atigeze avugururwa nigipimo gishobora kurwanya malariya. Irashobora kubuza imibu kwinjira munzu, ikagira ingaruka zica na sublethal kuri virusi ya malariya kandi birashobora kugabanya kwandura malariya. Niyo mpamvu, twakoze ubushakashatsi ku byorezo mu ngo za Tanzaniya kugira ngo dusuzume akamaro ko gusuzuma udukoko twica udukoko two mu ngo (ITS) kurwanya malariya na virusi.
Urugo rwari rugizwe n'inzu imwe cyangwa nyinshi, buriwese ucungwa n'umukuru w'urugo, hamwe nabagize urugo bose basangiye ibikoresho byigikoni. Ingo zemerewe kwiga niba zifite eva zifunguye, amadirishya adafunze, ninkuta zidahwitse. Abagize urugo bose bafite amezi 6 cyangwa arenga bashyizwe mubushakashatsi, usibye abagore batwite basuzumaga bisanzwe mugihe cyo kubyara mbere yo kubyara bakurikije amabwiriza yigihugu.
Kuva muri Kamena kugeza Nyakanga 2021, kugira ngo bagere ku ngo zose muri buri mudugudu, abakusanya amakuru, bayobowe n'abayobozi b'imidugudu, bagiye ku nzu n'inzu babaza ingo zifite amajwi afunguye, amadirishya adakingiwe, n'inkuta zihagaze. Umwe mu bagize urugo rukuze yarangije kubaza ibibazo. Iki kibazo cyarimo amakuru ajyanye n'ahantu n'ibiranga inzu, hamwe n'imibereho-demokarasi y'abagize urugo. Kugirango habeho guhuzagurika, urupapuro rwabemerewe kumenyeshwa (ICF) hamwe nibibazo byahawe indangamuntu idasanzwe (UID), yacapishijwe, yomekwa, kandi yomekwa kumuryango wambere wa buri rugo rwitabiriye. Ibyibanze byibanze byakoreshejwe kugirango habeho urutonde, rwayoboye iyinjizwa rya ITS mumatsinda yitabiriwe.
Umubare w’indwara ya Malariya wasesenguwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa protocole, ukuyemo isesengura abantu bakoze ingendo mu byumweru bibiri bishize cyangwa bafashe imiti igabanya ubukana mu byumweru bibiri mbere y’ubushakashatsi.
Kugirango tumenye ingaruka za ITS muburyo butandukanye bwamazu, imikoreshereze ya ITS, hamwe nitsinda ryimyaka, twakoze isesengura ryibice. Indwara ya Malariya yagereranijwe hagati y’ingo zifite na ITS mu byiciro byasobanuwe: inkuta z’ibyondo, inkuta z’amatafari, ibisenge gakondo, ibisenge by’amabati, abakoresha ITS umunsi umwe mbere y’ubushakashatsi, abadakoresha ITS umunsi umwe mbere y’ubushakashatsi, abana bato, abana bakuze mu ishuri, ndetse n’abantu bakuru. Muri buri sesengura ryakozwe, itsinda ryimyaka, igitsina, hamwe nimpinduka zijyanye nimiryango (ubwoko bwurukuta, ubwoko bwigisenge, gukoresha ITS, cyangwa itsinda ryimyaka) byashyizwemo nkingaruka zifatika. Urugo rwashyizwemo nkingaruka zidasanzwe zo kubara. Icyangombwa, impinduka zurwego ubwazo ntizashyizwemo nka covariates mubisesengura ryabo bwite.
Ku baturage b’imibu yo mu ngo, uburyo bubi bwo gusubira inyuma bwa binomial bwakoreshejwe gusa ku mubare wa buri munsi w’imibu yafashwe kuri buri mutego nijoro kubera umubare muto w’imibu wafashwe mu isuzuma.
Ingo zapimwe ko zanduye malariya mu gihe gito kandi kirekire, ibisubizo byerekana ingo zasuwe, zanga gusurwa, zemerwa gusurwa, zabuze gusurwa kubera kwimuka n’urugendo rurerure, abitabiriye kwanga gusurwa, gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana, n'amateka y'urugendo. Ingo zakorewe ubushakashatsi ku mibu yo mu ngo ikoresheje imitego yoroheje ya CDC, ibisubizo byerekana ingo zasuwe, zanga gusurwa, zemera gusurwa, zabuze gusurwa kubera kwimuka, cyangwa zidahari mu gihe cyose cy’ubushakashatsi. ITS yashyizwe mu ngo zigenzura.

Mu Karere ka Chalinze, nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryagaragaye ku kigero cyanduye malariya cyangwa ku mibu yo mu ngo hagati y’ingo zifite gahunda yo gusuzuma udukoko twica udukoko (ITS) n’abadafite. Ibi birashobora guterwa nigishushanyo mbonera cyubushakashatsi, udukoko twica udukoko nudusigisigi twitabiriwe, numubare munini wabitabiriye bahagaritse kwiga. Nubwo itandukaniro ritari rinini, urwego rwo hasi rwanduye parasite rwagaragaye kurwego rwurugo mugihe cyimvura kirekire, cyagaragaye cyane mubana bageze mumashuri. Imibu ya Anopheles yo mu nzu nayo yagabanutse, byerekana ko hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi. Kubwibyo, cluster-randomized igishushanyo mbonera cyahujwe no gukorana kwabaturage no kwegera abaturage birasabwa kwemeza ko abitabiriye bagumana ubushakashatsi.