Uburyo bundi bwo kurwanya udukoko nk'uburyo bwo kurinda udukoko duhumanya ibidukikije n'uruhare rwabyo mu miterere y'ibinyabuzima n'ibiribwa

Ubushakashatsi bushya ku isano iri hagati y’impfu z’inzuki n’imiti yica udukoko bushyigikira icyifuzo cy’ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya udukoko. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwasuzumwe n’abashakashatsi ba USC Dornsife bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Sustainability bubivuga, 43%.
Nubwo hari ibimenyetso bitandukanye ku miterere y’inzuki zizwi cyane, zazanywe muri Amerika n’abakoloni b’i Burayi mu kinyejana cya 17, igabanuka ry’udukoko two mu bwoko bw’inzuki zo mu gasozi riragaragara. Inyigo yo mu 2017 yakozwe n’ikigo kidaharanira inyungu cyita ku binyabuzima, Ikigo gishinzwe ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabuzima, cyahuje ibura ry’aho ziba n’ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, igaragaza ko impinduka n’iterambere ry’imijyi bifatwa nk’ibintu bikomeye biteje akaga.
Kugira ngo basobanukirwe neza imikoranire iri hagati y’imiti yica udukoko n’inzuki gakondo, abashakashatsi ba USC basesenguye ibyagaragaye ku moko 178.589 y’inzuki zo mu gasozi 1.081 byakuwe mu nyandiko z’ingoro ndangamurage, ubushakashatsi ku bidukikije n’amakuru y’ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’ubutaka rusange n’ubushakashatsi ku miti yica udukoko ku rwego rw’akarere. Ku bijyanye n’inzuki zo mu gasozi, abashakashatsi basanze “ingaruka mbi zituruka ku miti yica udukoko zikwirakwira hose” kandi ko ikoreshwa ryinshi rya neonicotinoids na pyrethroids, imiti ibiri isanzwe yica udukoko, “ari ingenzi mu gutuma habaho impinduka mu mibare y’ubwoko bw’inzuki zo mu gasozi amagana.”
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya udukoko nk'uburyo bwo kurinda udukoko duhumanya ibidukikije ndetse n'uruhare runini bigira mu rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima no mu biribwa. Ubu buryo burimo gukoresha abanzi karemano kugira ngo bagabanye umubare w'udukoko no gukoresha imitego n'inzitizi mbere yo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko.
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko guhiganwa ku mbuto z’inzuki ari bibi ku nzuki gakondo, ariko ubushakashatsi bushya bwa USC nta sano bugaragaza, nk’uko bivugwa n’umwanditsi mukuru w’ubushakashatsi akaba n’umwarimu wa USC mu bumenyi bw’ibinyabuzima n’ibinyabuzima by’imibare n’imibare, Laura Laura Melissa Guzman, yemeza ko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo ibi bishyigikirwe.
“Nubwo imibare yacu igoye, amakuru menshi yerekeye imiterere y’ahantu n’igihe ni ay’ikigereranyo,” Guzman yemeye mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara na kaminuza. “Turateganya kunoza isesengura ryacu no kuzuza icyuho aho bishoboka,” abashakashatsi bongeyeho.
Gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bukabije nabyo ni bibi ku bantu. Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyasanze imiti imwe n'imwe yica udukoko, cyane cyane organophosphates na carbamate, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'umubiri, mu gihe indi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imisemburo. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2017 n'ikigo cy'ubumenyi bw'amazi cya Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana bwagaragaje ko ibiro bigera kuri miliyari imwe by'imiti yica udukoko bikoreshwa buri mwaka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Muri Mata, Consumer Reports yavuze ko yasanze 20% by'ibicuruzwa byo muri Amerika birimo imiti yica udukoko iteje akaga.