Abashinzwe gukurairashobora kuzamura ubwiza nubushobozi bwibiti byimbuto. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri sitasiyo y’ubushakashatsi ya Palm mu Ntara ya Bushehr mu myaka ibiri ikurikiranye kandi bugamije gusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa no gutera mbere yo gusarura hamwe n’ubuyobozi bukura ku miterere y’imiti y’imikindo (Phoenix dactylifera cv. 'Shahabi') ku mbuto za halal na tamar. Mu mwaka wa mbere, amashami yimbuto yibi biti yatewe ku cyiciro cya kimri naho mu mwaka wa kabiri kuri kimri na hababouk + kimri hamwe na NAA (100 mg / L), GA3 (100 mg / L), KI (100 mg / L), SA (50 mg / L), Shyira (1.288 × 103 mg / L) n'amazi yatoboye nk'igenzura. Gutera amababi yabashinzwe kugenzura imikurire yibihingwa kumurima wibihingwa byamatariki 'Shahabi' kurwego rwa kimry ntabwo byagize ingaruka zikomeye kubipimo nkuburebure bwimbuto, diameter, uburemere nubunini ugereranije no kugenzura, ariko gutera amababi hamweNAAkandi kurwego runaka Shyira kuri hababouk + kimry icyiciro cyavuyemo kwiyongera cyane muribi bipimo kuri halal na tamar. Gutera amababi hamwe nabashinzwe kugenzura imikurire byose byatumye ubwiyongere bukabije bwibiro byimbuto haba halal na tamar. Mugihe cyo kurabyo, uburemere bwimbuto hamwe nijanisha ryumusaruro byiyongereye cyane nyuma yo gutera amababi hamwe na Put, SA,GA3na cyane NAA ugereranije no kugenzura. Muri rusange, ijanisha ryamanutse ryimbuto ryari hejuru cyane hamwe nabashinzwe kugenzura imikurire yose nka spray ya foliar kuri hababouk + kimry ugereranije na spray foliar kuri kimry. Gutera amababi kurwego rwa kimri byagabanije cyane umubare wimbuto zimbuto, ariko gutera amababi hamwe na NAA, GA3 na SA kurwego rwa hababook + kimri byongereye cyane umubare wimbuto zimbuto ugereranije no kugenzura. Gutera amababi hamwe na PGR zose kuri kimri na hababook + kimri byatumye igabanuka rikabije ryijanisha rya TSS kimwe nijanisha rya karubone yose ugereranije no kugenzura kuri halal na tamar. Gutera amababi hamwe na PGR zose kuri kimri na hababook + kimri byatumye habaho kwiyongera cyane kwijanisha rya TA kurwego rwa halal ugereranije no kugenzura.
Kwiyongeraho 100 mg / L NAA ukoresheje inshinge byongereye ibiro byinshi kandi byongera imiterere yumubiri wimbuto nkuburemere, uburebure, diameter, ingano, ijanisha rya pulp na TSS mubitaka by'imikindo 'Kabkab'. Nyamara, uburemere bwingano, ijanisha rya acide hamwe no kutagabanya isukari ntabwo byahinduwe. Exogenous GA nta ngaruka nini yagize ku ijanisha ryimbuto mubyiciro bitandukanye byiterambere ryimbuto kandi NAA yagize ijanisha ryinshi8.
Ubushakashatsi bujyanye nabwo bwerekanye ko iyo IAA igeze kuri mg / L 150, igabanuka ryimbuto yubwoko bwombi bwa jujube ryaragabanutse cyane. Iyo kwibanda ari byinshi, igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwimbuto kiriyongera. Nyuma yo gushyira mubikorwa ibyo bikura, uburemere bwimbuto, diameter hamwe nuburemere bwiyongera kuri 11.
Ubwoko bwa Shahabi ni ubwoko butandukanye bwamatariki kandi burwanya amazi make. Nanone,
Imbuto zifite ubushobozi bwo kubika cyane. Kubera iyo miterere, ihingwa ku bwinshi mu ntara ya Bushehr. Ariko imwe mu mbogamizi zayo nuko imbuto zifite ibishishwa bike n'ibuye rinini. Kubwibyo, imbaraga zose zo kunoza ubwiza nubwiza bwimbuto, cyane cyane kongera ingano yimbuto, uburemere, hanyuma, umusaruro, birashobora kongera umusaruro wabatanga umusaruro.
Kubwibyo, intego yubu bushakashatsi kwari ukunoza imiterere yumubiri nubumara byimbuto zimikindo ukoresheje ibimera bikura kandi ugahitamo uburyo bwiza.
Usibye Gushyira, twateguye ibisubizo byose umunsi umwe mbere yo gutera amababi hanyuma tubibika muri firigo. Mu bushakashatsi, Shyira igisubizo cyateguwe kumunsi wo gutera amababi. Twakoresheje igisubizo gikenewe cyo kugenzura imikurire yimbuto dukoresheje uburyo bwa spray foliar. Rero, nyuma yo gutoranya ibiti byifuzwa mumwaka wa mbere, hatoranijwe amatsinda atatu yimbuto kuva kumpande zitandukanye za buri giti kuri stade ya kimry muri Gicurasi, ubuvuzi bwifuzwa bwakoreshejwe mubibumbano, kandi byashyizweho ikimenyetso. Mu mwaka wa kabiri, akamaro k’ikibazo kasabye impinduka, kandi muri uwo mwaka hatoranijwe amatsinda ane kuri buri giti, bibiri muri byo bikaba byari kuri hababuk muri Mata hanyuma byinjira muri kimry muri Gicurasi. Ihuriro ryimbuto ebyiri gusa kuri buri giti cyatoranijwe cyari kuri kimry, kandi hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukura. Imiti yo gutera intoki yakoreshejwe mugukoresha igisubizo no gufata ibirango. Kubisubizo byiza, shyira imbuto zimbuto kare mugitondo. Twahisemo guhitamo imbuto nyinshi muri buri cyiciro kuri stade ya halale muri kamena no kuri tamar muri Nzeri hanyuma dukora ibipimo nkenerwa byimbuto kugirango twige ingaruka zubuyobozi butandukanye bwo gukura kumiterere yimiterere yimbuto zimbuto za Shahabi. Ikusanyirizo ry'ibimera ryakozwe hakurikijwe amahame n’amategeko abigenga, ay'igihugu ndetse n’amahanga, kandi uruhushya rwo gukusanya ibikoresho by’ibihingwa.
Kugirango dupime ingano yimbuto murwego rwa halal na tamar, twahisemo guhitamo imbuto icumi muri buri cluster kuri buri kopi ihuye na buri tsinda rivura hanyuma dupima ingano yimbuto zose nyuma yo kwibizwa mumazi hanyuma tuyigabanyamo icumi kugirango tubone imbuto zingana.
Kugirango tumenye ijanisha rya pulp kuri halal na tamar, twahisemo guhitamo imbuto 10 muri buri tsinda rya buri tsinda rivura hanyuma dupima uburemere bwazo dukoresheje igipimo cya elegitoroniki. Twahise dutandukanya impyisi nintangiriro, dupima buri gice ukwacyo, hanyuma tugabanya agaciro kose kuri 10 kugirango tubone uburemere bwimpuzandengo. Uburemere bwa pulp burashobora kubarwa ukoresheje formula1,2 ikurikira.
Kugirango dupime igipimo cy'ubushuhe kuri etape ya halal na tamar, twapimye 100 g ya pompe nshya kuri buri bunch kuri buri kopi muri buri tsinda rivura dukoresheje igipimo cya elegitoronike hanyuma tuyitekera mu ziko kuri 70 ° C ukwezi kumwe. Hanyuma, twapimye icyitegererezo cyumye hanyuma tubara ijanisha ry'ubushuhe dukoresheje formula ikurikira:
Kugirango dupime igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwimbuto, twabaze umubare wimbuto mumatsinda 5 hanyuma tubara igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwimbuto dukoresheje formula ikurikira:
Twakuyeho imbuto zose ziva mumikindo yavuwe turapima kurwego. Dushingiye ku mubare wibiti kuri buri giti nintera iri hagati yatewe, twashoboye kubara ubwiyongere bwumusaruro.
Agaciro pH k'umutobe kagaragaza acide cyangwa alkalinity kuri halal na tamar. Twahisemo guhitamo imbuto 10 muri buri tsinda muri buri tsinda ryigeragezwa hanyuma dupima 1 g ya pulp. Twongeyeho ml 9 y'amazi yatoboye mugisubizo cyo gukuramo hanyuma dupima pH yimbuto dukoresheje metero ya JENWAY 351018 pH.
Gutera amababi hamwe nubugenzuzi bwose bwo gukura kurwego rwa kimry byagabanije cyane kugabanuka kwimbuto ugereranije no kugenzura (Ishusho 1). Byongeye kandi, gutera amababi hamwe na NAA ku bwoko bwa hababuk + kimry byongereye cyane igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwimbuto ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura. Ijanisha ryinshi ryigabanuka ryimbuto (71.21%) ryagaragaye hamwe no gutera amababi hamwe na NAA murwego rwa hababuk + kimry, naho ijanisha ryo hasi ryimbuto (19.00%) ryagaragaye hamwe no gutera amababi hamwe na GA3 kurwego rwa kimry.
Mu buvuzi bwose, ibikubiye muri TSS kurwego rwa halal byari hasi cyane ugereranije nibyiciro bya tamar. Gutera amababi hamwe na PGR zose kuri kimri na hababuk + kimri byatumye TSS igabanuka kurwego rwa halal na tamar ugereranije no kugenzura (Ishusho 2A).
Ingaruka zo gutera amababi hamwe nubugenzuzi bwose bwo gukura kubiranga imiti (A: TSS, B: TA, C: pH na D: karubone yuzuye) kuri Khababuck na Kimry. Kugereranya indangagaciro zikurikira inyuguti imwe muri buri nkingi ntabwo zitandukanye cyane kuri p<0.05 (Ikizamini cya LSD). Shyira putrescine, SA - aside salicylic (SA), NAA - acide naphthylacetic, KI - kinetin, GA3 - aside gibberellic.
Ku cyiciro cya halale, abagenzuzi bose bakura bongereye cyane imbuto zose TA, nta tandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati yazo ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura (Ishusho 2B). Mugihe cya tamar, TA yibigize foliar spray byari bike mugihe cya kababuk + kimri. Ariko, nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryabonetse kuri kimwe mu bigenzura imikurire y’ibihingwa, usibye NAA foliar spray mugihe cya kimri na kimri + kababuk hamwe na GA3 foliar spray mugihe cya kababuk + kababuk. Kuri iki cyiciro, TA yo hejuru (0.13%) yagaragaye isubiza NAA, SA, na GA3.
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi ku kunoza imiterere yumubiri wimbuto (uburebure, diameter, uburemere, ingano nijanisha rya pulp) nyuma yo gukoresha imiti itandukanye yo gukura kubiti bya jujube bihuye namakuru ya Hesami na Abdi8.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-17-2025