Amatsinda arengera ibidukikije, amaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ahanganye n’ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, amatsinda y’abahinzi n’abandi ku buryo bwo kurinda inyamaswa ziri mu kagaimiti yica udukokomuri rusange, bishimiye ingamba n'inkunga y'amatsinda y'abahinzi kuri iyo ngamba.
Iyi ngamba ntabwo ishyiraho ibisabwa bishya ku bahinzi n'abandi bakoresha imiti yica udukoko, ariko itanga ubuyobozi EPA izasuzuma mu gihe cyo kwandikisha imiti mishya yica udukoko cyangwa kongera kwandikisha imiti yica udukoko yamaze ku isoko, nk'uko iki kigo cyabitangaje mu itangazo ryacyo.
EPA yakoze impinduka nyinshi ku ngamba ishingiye ku bitekerezo byatanzwe n’amatsinda y’abahinzi, amashami y’ubuhinzi ya leta n’imiryango irengera ibidukikije.
By’umwihariko, ikigo cyongeyeho gahunda nshya zo kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’imiti yica udukoko, imvura itemba mu mazi, n’isuri y’ubutaka. Iyi ngamba igabanya intera iri hagati y’aho inyamaswa ziri mu kaga n’ahantu haterwa imiti yica udukoko mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nko mu gihe abahinzi bashyizeho uburyo bwo kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’imiti, abahinzi bari mu turere tutagizweho ingaruka n’imvura itemba, cyangwa abahinzi bagafata izindi ngamba zo kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’imiti yica udukoko. Iyi ngamba kandi ivugurura amakuru ku moko y’inyamaswa zitagira urutirigongo ziba mu mirima. EPA yavuze ko iteganya kongeramo uburyo bwo kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’imiti mu gihe kizaza uko bikenewe.
“Twabonye uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga inyamaswa ziri mu kaga, zidashyira umutwaro ukabije ku bahinzi bishingikiriza kuri ibi bikoresho mu mibereho yabo kandi bakaba ari ingenzi mu kuzana ibiribwa bihagije kandi bizeye neza,” nk'uko byatangajwe n'umuyobozi wa EPA, Lee Zeldin, mu itangazo rye. “Twiyemeje kugenzura ko umuryango w’abahinzi ufite ibikoresho ukeneye kugira ngo urinde igihugu cyacu, cyane cyane ibyo kurya byacu, udukoko n’indwara.”
Amatsinda y’abahinzi ahagarariye abahinzi b’ibihingwa bikomoka ku bihingwa nk’ibigori, soya, ipamba n’umuceri yishimiye ingamba nshya.
“Mu kuvugurura intera iri hagati y’ibipimo, guhindura ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka, no kwemera ingamba zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, ingamba nshya zizongera uburyo bwo kurengera ibidukikije hatabayeho guhungabanya umutekano n’umutekano w’ibiribwa, ibiryo n’imitako by’igihugu cyacu,” Patrick Johnson Jr., umuhinzi w’ipamba wo muri Mississippi akaba na perezida w’Inama Nkuru y’Igihugu y’Ipamba, yabitangaje mu itangazo rya EPA.
Ishami rya leta rishinzwe ubuhinzi n’ishami rya leta rishinzwe ubuhinzi muri Amerika nabyo byashimiye ingamba za EPA muri iryo tangazo.
Muri rusange, abahanga mu by’ibidukikije bishimiye ko inganda z’ubuhinzi zemeye ko ibisabwa n’Itegeko ry’Ibinyabuzima biri mu kaga bireba amabwiriza agenga imiti yica udukoko. Amatsinda y’abahinzi amaze imyaka myinshi arwanya ayo mategeko.
“Nishimiye kubona itsinda rinini cyane muri Amerika riharanira ubuhinzi rishima imbaraga za EPA zo gushyira mu bikorwa Itegeko ry’Ibinyabuzima biri mu kaga no gufata ingamba zifatika zo kurinda ibimera n’inyamaswa zacu zishobora kwibasirwa n’imiti yica udukoko,” ibi byavuzwe na Laurie Ann Byrd, umuyobozi wa Porogaramu yo Kurengera Ibidukikije mu Kigo gishinzwe Ubutandukanye bw’Ibinyabuzima. “Nizeye ko ingamba za nyuma zo kurwanya udukoko zizakomera, kandi tuzakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo uburinzi bukomeye bushyirwe mu byemezo bizaza bijyanye no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba ku miti runaka. Ariko inkunga y’umuryango w’abahinzi mu bikorwa byo kurinda inyamaswa ziri mu kaga kwirinda imiti yica udukoko ni intambwe ikomeye cyane.”
Imiryango irengera ibidukikije yagiye irega EPA kenshi, ivuga ko ikoresha imiti yica udukoko ishobora kwangiza inyamaswa ziri mu kaga cyangwa aho ziba hatabayeho kugisha inama Ikigo gishinzwe amafi n'inyamaswa zo mu gasozi ndetse n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe uburobyi bwo mu mazi. Mu myaka icumi ishize, EPA yemeye mu byemezo byinshi byemewe n'amategeko gusuzuma imiti yica udukoko ishobora kwangiza inyamaswa ziri mu kaga. Iki kigo kirimo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo kirangize ibyo bipimo.
Mu kwezi gushize, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyatangaje ibikorwa bitandukanye bigamije kurinda ubwoko bw’inyamaswa ziri mu kaga gashobora gucika burundu, umuti wica udukoko witwa carbaryl carbamate. Nathan Donley, umuyobozi ushinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije mu kigo gishinzwe ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabuzima, yavuze ko ibikorwa "bizagabanya ingaruka uyu muti uteje akaga utera ku bimera n’inyamaswa ziri mu kaga kandi bigatanga ubuyobozi busobanutse ku bahinzi b’inganda ku buryo bwo kuwukoresha."
Donley yavuze ko ingamba za EPA ziherutse gufatwa zo kurinda inyamaswa ziri mu kaga n’imiti yica udukoko ari inkuru nziza. Yagize ati: “Iyi gahunda imaze imyaka irenga icumi ikorwa, kandi abafatanyabikorwa benshi bakoranye mu myaka myinshi kugira ngo itangire. Nta muntu n’umwe wishimiye 100 ku ijana, ariko irakora, kandi buri wese arimo gukorera hamwe.” “Bisa nkaho nta kwivanga kwa politiki kuri iki gihe, ibyo bikaba bishimishije rwose.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2025