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Ibimera by'imitako bifite isura nziza birahabwa agaciro cyane. Uburyo bumwe bwo kubigeraho ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera nk'ibikoresho byo gucunga imikurire y'ibimera. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri Schefflera dwarf (ikimera cy'imitako) cyavuwe n'amavuta ya aside gibberellic na benzyladine mu busitani bufite uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha uburyo bwo kuhira. Iyi hormone yasutswe ku mababi ya dwarf schefflera ku gipimo cya 0, 100 na 200 mg/l mu byiciro bitatu buri minsi 15. Igerageza ryakozwe ku buryo bw'umwimerere mu buryo butunguranye, hamwe n'uburyo bune bwo kubyibuha. Guhuza aside gibberellic na benzyladine ku gipimo cya 200 mg/l byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mubare w'amababi, ubuso bw'amababi n'uburebure bw'ibimera. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwanatumye habaho ingano nini y'amabara ya photosynthesis. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo hejuru cya karubohidrati ishongesha hamwe n’isukari igabanya cyagaragaye hakoreshejwe 100 na 200 mg/L ya benzyladine na 200 mg/L ya gibberellin + benzyladine. Isesengura ryakozwe mu buryo bwihuse ryagaragaje ko ingano y’umuzi ari yo ya mbere yashyizwe muri iyo modeli, risobanura 44% by’impinduka. Impinduka ikurikiraho yari imizi mishya, aho icyitegererezo cya bivariate gisobanura 63% by’impinduka mu mubare w’amababi. Ingaruka nziza cyane ku mubare w’amababi yagaragajwe n’uburemere bw’umuzi mushya (0.43), bwari bufite isano nziza n’umubare w’amababi (0.47). Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko aside gibberellic na benzyladine ku gipimo cya 200 mg/l byazamuye cyane imikurire y’imiterere, imiterere ya chlorophyll na carotenoid ya Liriodendron tulipifera, kandi bigabanya ingano y’isukari na karubohidrati ishongesha.
Schefflera arborescens (Hayata) Merr ni ikimera cy’imitako kidasaza cyo mu muryango wa Araliaceae, gikomoka mu Bushinwa na Tayiwani1. Iki kimera gikunze guhingwa nk'igihingwa cyo mu rugo, ariko ikimera kimwe gusa ni cyo gishobora gukura muri ubwo buryo. Amababi afite udupapuro kuva kuri 5 kugeza kuri 16, buri kimwe gifite uburebure bwa cm2 10-20. Schefflera y'ingore igurishwa ku bwinshi buri mwaka, ariko uburyo bugezweho bwo guhinga ubuhinzi ntibukunze gukoreshwa. Kubwibyo, gukoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera nk'ibikoresho byiza byo gucunga imikurire no gutunganya umusaruro urambye w'ibikomoka ku buhinzi bisaba kwitabwaho cyane. Muri iki gihe, ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera ryariyongereye cyane3,4,5. Aside ya Gibberellike ni ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera bishobora kongera umusaruro w'ibimera6. Imwe mu ngaruka zizwi ni ugukangura imikurire y'ibimera, harimo no kurekura kw'igiti n'imizi no kwiyongera k'ubuso bw'amababi7. Ingaruka zikomeye za gibberelline ni ukwiyongera k'uburebure bw'igiti bitewe no kurekura kw'ibice by'indabyo. Gutera gibberellin ku bimera bito bidashobora gukora gibberellin bituma igiti kirushaho kurekura no kugira uburebure bw'ibimera8. Gutera aside gibberellic ku bimera n'amababi ku gipimo cya 500 mg/l bishobora kongera uburebure bw'ibimera, umubare, ubugari n'uburebure bw'amababi9. Byavuzwe ko gibberellin zitera imbaraga gukura kw'ibimera bitandukanye bifite amababi manini10. Ubugari bw'ibimera byagaragaye mu bimera bya Scots pinusilvestris na spruce yera (Piceaglauca) igihe amababi yaterwaga aside gibberellic11.
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwasuzumye ingaruka z'ibipimo bitatu by'imikurire ya cytokinin ku mikurire y'amashami yo ku ruhande muri Lily officinalis. Igerageza ryakozwe mu gihe cy'umuhindo no mu mpeshyi kugira ngo higwe ingaruka z'ibihe. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko kinetin, benzyladenine na 2-prenyladine nta ngaruka byagize ku mikurire y'amashami y'inyongera. Ariko, 500 ppm benzyladenine byatumye habaho amashami 12.2 na 8.2 mu igerageza ry'umuhindo no mu mpeshyi, ugereranije n'amashami 4.9 na 3.9 mu bimera bigenzura. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubuvuzi bw'impeshyi bukora neza kurusha ubw'itumba12. Mu rundi bushakashatsi, ibimera bya Peace Lily var. Tassone byavuwe na benzyladine ya 0, 250 na 500 ppm mu nkono za cm 10 z'umurambararo. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko gutunganya ubutaka byongera cyane umubare w'amababi y'inyongera ugereranije n'ibimera bigenzura n'ibyavuwe na benzyladine. Amababi mashya yiyongereyeho yagaragaye nyuma y'ibyumweru bine, kandi umusaruro mwinshi w'amababi wagaragaye nyuma y'ibyumweru umunani. Mu byumweru 20 nyuma yo kuvurwa, ibimera byatunganyijwe n'ubutaka byagize uburebure buke ugereranyije n'ibimera byatunganyijwe mbere13. Byaravuzwe ko benzyladenine ku gipimo cya 20 mg/L ishobora kongera cyane uburebure bw'ibimera n'umubare w'amababi muri Croton 14. Muri calla lilies, benzyladenine ku gipimo cya 500 ppm byatumye umubare w'amashami wiyongera, mu gihe umubare w'amashami wari muto mu itsinda ryagenzuwe15. Intego y'ubu bushakashatsi kwari ugusuzuma gutera aside gibberellic na benzyladine ku mashami kugira ngo harusheho gukura neza Schefflera dwarfa, ikimera cy'amababi y'imitako. Aba bagenzuzi b'imikurire y'ibimera bashobora gufasha abahinzi b'ubucuruzi gutegura umusaruro ukwiye umwaka wose. Nta bushakashatsi bwakozwe kugira ngo bunoze imikurire ya Liriodendron tulipifera.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu busitani bw’ibimera byo mu nzu bwa Kaminuza ya Islamic Azad i Jiloft, muri Irani. Hateguwe uduce duto twa Schefflera dwarf dufite uburebure bwa cm 25±5 (twatewe amezi atandatu mbere y’igerageza) maze duterwa mu nkono. Inkono ni ipulasitiki, umukara, ifite umurambararo wa cm 20 n’uburebure bwa cm 30.
Ubuvuzi bw’ubuhinzi muri ubu bushakashatsi bwari uruvange rw’amashaza, ifumbire, umucanga wogejwe n’igishishwa cy’umuceri ku gipimo cya 1:1:1:1 (ukurikije ingano)16. Shyira urwego rw’utubuye hasi mu nkono kugira ngo amazi asuke. Ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo ku manywa na nijoro mu busitani bw’ubutaka mu mpera z’impeshyi no mu mpeshyi bwari 32±2°C na 28±2°C, uko bikurikirana. Ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 70%. Koresha uburyo bwo kuhira mu kuhira. Ugereranyije, ibimera bihira inshuro 12 ku munsi. Mu gihe cy’impeshyi no mu mpeshyi, igihe cyo kuhira ni iminota 8, naho hagati yo kuhira ni isaha 1. Ibimera byahinzwe kimwe inshuro enye, ibyumweru 2, 4, 6 na 8 nyuma yo kubiba, hamwe n’umuti w’intungamubiri (Ghoncheh Co., Irani) ku gipimo cya 3 ppm kandi bihira mililitiro 100 z’umuti buri gihe. Umuti w’intungamubiri urimo N 8 ppm, P 4 ppm, K 5 ppm n’ibintu bito Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mo na B.
Ingano eshatu za aside gibberellic hamwe na benzyladine igenzura imikurire y'ibimera (yaguzwe muri Sigma) byateguwe kuri 0, 100 na 200 mg/L hanyuma bishyirwa ku mbuto z'ibimera mu byiciro bitatu mu gihe cy'iminsi 15. Hagati ya 20 (0.1%) (yaguzwe muri Sigma) yakoreshejwe mu gusuka kugira ngo yongere igihe cyayo cyo kuramba no kwinjiza. Mu gitondo cya kare, siga imisemburo ku mbuto n'amababi ya Liriodendron tulipifera ukoresheje agakoresho ko gutera imiti. Ibimera bisukwaho amazi avanze.
Uburebure bw'ikimera, umurambararo w'igiti, ubuso bw'amababi, ingano ya chlorophyll, umubare w'uturemangingo, uburebure bw'amashami ya kabiri, umubare w'amashami ya kabiri, ingano y'imizi, uburebure bw'imizi, uburemere bw'amababi, imizi, igiti n'ibintu byumye, ingano y'amabara ya fotosynthetic (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b) Chlorophyll yose, carotenoids, amarangi yose), isukari igabanya na karubohidrati zishobora gushonga byapimwe mu buryo butandukanye.
Ingano ya chlorophyll mu mababi mato yapimwe iminsi 180 nyuma yo gutera hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima chlorophyll (Spad CL-01) kuva saa tatu n'igice kugeza saa yine za mu gitondo (kubera ubushyuhe bw'amababi). Byongeye kandi, ubuso bw'amababi bwapimwe iminsi 180 nyuma yo gutera. Pima amababi atatu uhereye hejuru, hagati no hepfo y'igiti uvuye kuri buri nkono. Aya mababi akoreshwa nk'imbonerahamwe ku rupapuro rwa A4 hanyuma igishushanyo cyavuyemo kigacibwa. Uburemere n'ubuso bw'urupapuro rumwe rwa A4 nabyo byarapimwe. Hanyuma ubuso bw'amababi yashyizwemo stencil bubarwa hakoreshejwe ibipimo. Byongeye kandi, ingano y'umuzi yagenwe hakoreshejwe icyuma cyagenwe. Uburemere bw'amababi yumye, uburemere bw'amababi yumye, uburemere bw'amababi yumye, n'uburemere bwose bw'amababi yumye byapimwe hakoreshejwe kumisha ifuru kuri 72°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 48.
Ingano ya chlorophyll na carotenoids yapimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Lichtenthaler18. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, garama 0.1 y'amababi mashya yasibwe mu cyuma cya porcelain kirimo mililitiro 15 za acetone 80%, hanyuma nyuma yo kuyungurura, ubucucike bwabyo bw'amatara bwapimwe hakoreshejwe spectrophotometer ku bunini bwa 663.2, 646.8 na 470 nm. Hindura igikoresho ukoresheje acetone 80%. Gerageza kubara ingano ya pigments za photosynthesis ukoresheje iki gipimo gikurikira:
Muri byo, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T na Car bigereranya chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll yose na carotenoids, uko bikurikirana. Ibisubizo bigaragazwa mu bimera bya mg/ml.
Kugabanya isukari byapimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Somogy19. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, 0.02 g by'imitsi y'ibimera isya mu gishishwa cya porcelain hamwe na ml 10 z'amazi yaciwe hanyuma igasukwa mu kirahuri gito. Shyushya ikirahuri kugeza kibira hanyuma uyungurure ibirimo ukoresheje urupapuro rwa Whatman No. 1 kugira ngo ubone ikinyabutabire cy'ibimera. Shyira ml 2 za buri kinyabutabire mu muyoboro w'igerageza hanyuma wongereho ml 2 z'umuti wa sulfate y'umuringa. Upfuke umuyoboro w'igerageza n'ubwoya bw'ipamba hanyuma ushyushye mu bwogero bw'amazi kuri 100°C mu gihe cy'iminota 20. Muri iki cyiciro, Cu2+ ihinduka Cu2O binyuze mu kugabanya aldehyde monosaccharides hanyuma ibara rya salmon (ibara rya terracotta) rigaragara hasi mu muyoboro w'igerageza. Nyuma y'uko umuyoboro w'igerageza ukonje, ongeramo ml 2 za aside phosphomolybdic hanyuma hakagaragara ibara ry'ubururu. Kangura umuyoboro cyane kugeza igihe ibara rikwirakwijwe neza mu muyoboro wose. Soma uburyo umuti winjiramo kuri 600 nm ukoresheje spectrophotometer.
Kubara ingano y'isukari igabanya hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe. ingano y'ikarubohidrati ishongeshwa yagenwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Fales20. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, 0.1 g y'imimero yavanzwe na 2.5 ml ya ethanol ya 80% kuri 90 °C mu gihe cy'iminota 60 (ibyiciro bibiri by'iminota 30 buri kimwe) kugira ngo havemo karubohidrati ishongeshwa. Hanyuma ivamo irayungururwa hanyuma alcool igashonga. Ingano yavuyemo ishongeshwa muri 2.5 ml y'amazi yaciwe. Suka 200 ml ya buri gipimo mu muyoboro w'igerageza hanyuma wongereho 5 ml ya anthrone indicator. Uruvange rwashyizwe mu bwogero bw'amazi kuri 90 °C mu gihe cy'iminota 17, hanyuma nyuma yo gukonjesha, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwinjiza bupimwa kuri 625 nm.
Igerageza ryari igerageza ryakozwe mu buryo bw’impinduka rishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera cyakozwe mu buryo butunguranye gifite inyito enye. Uburyo bwa PROC UNIVARIATE bukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubusanzwe bw’ikwirakwizwa ry’amakuru mbere yo gusesengura itandukaniro. Isesengura ry’impinduka ryatangiye n’isesengura ry’impinduka risobanura kugira ngo humve ubwiza bw’amakuru fatizo yakusanyijwe. Imibare yagenewe koroshya no gukanda amakuru manini kugira ngo yorohere kuyasobanura. Nyuma hakozwe isesengura rigoye cyane. Ikizamini cya Duncan cyakozwe hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya SPSS (version 24; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) kugira ngo hamenyekane impuzandengo y’impinduka n’amakosa yo kugerageza kugira ngo hamenyekane itandukaniro riri hagati y’amakuru. Ikizamini cya Duncan cyakoreshejwe mu gupima inshuro nyinshi (DMRT) kugira ngo hamenyekane itandukaniro riri hagati y’uburyo ku rwego rw’ingenzi rwa (0.05 ≤ p). Igipimo cya Pearson correlation (r) cyabazwe hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya SPSS (version 26; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) kugira ngo hasuzumwe isano iri hagati y’ibipimo bibiri bitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, isesengura rya linear regression ryakozwe hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya SPSS (v.26) kugira ngo hamenyekane agaciro k’ibipimo by’umwaka wa mbere hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ibipimo by’umwaka wa kabiri. Ku rundi ruhande, isesengura rya regression rikorwa buhoro buhoro hakoreshejwe p < 0.01 ryakozwe kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere igira ingaruka zikomeye ku mababi ya dwarf schefflera. Isesengura ry'inzira ryakozwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ingaruka zitaziguye n'izitaziguye za buri kintu muri moderi (hashingiwe ku miterere isobanura neza itandukaniro). Imibare yose yavuzwe haruguru (ubusanzwe bw'ikwirakwizwa ry'amakuru, coefficient yoroshye yo guhuza, regression ikorwa buhoro buhoro n'isesengura ry'inzira) byakozwe hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya SPSS V.26.
Ingero z'ibimera byatoranijwe byakurikije amabwiriza y’inzego, ay’igihugu n’ay’amahanga ndetse n’amategeko y’imbere mu gihugu ya Irani.
Imbonerahamwe ya 1 igaragaza imibare isobanura impuzandengo, ihindagurika risanzwe, ubuto, ntarengwa, urwego, na coefficient of variation (CV) ku miterere itandukanye. Muri iyi mibare, CV yemerera kugereranya imiterere kuko nta bipimo byayo. Kugabanya isukari (40.39%), uburemere bwumutse bwumutse (37.32%), uburemere bwumutse bwumutse (37.30%), igipimo cyumutse ku isukari (30.20%) numusaruro wumutse (30%) nibyo biri hejuru cyane. na chlorophyll (9.88%). ) n'ubuso bw'amababi bifite igipimo cyo hejuru cyane (11.77%) kandi bifite agaciro ka CV gake cyane. Imbonerahamwe ya 1 igaragaza ko uburemere bwose butose bufite igipimo cyo hejuru cyane. Ariko, iki gipimo ntabwo gifite CV yo hejuru cyane. Kubwibyo, ibipimo bitagira igipimo nka CV bigomba gukoreshwa mu kugereranya impinduka zumutse. CV yo hejuru igaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yubuvuzi bwumutse bwumutse. Ibisubizo byubu bushakashatsi byagaragaje itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yubuvuzi bwumutse bwumutse mu buremere bwumutse bwumutse, uburemere bwumutse bwumutse, igipimo cya karubohidrati ku isukari, nimiterere yumutse wumutse.
Ibisubizo by'isesengura ry'impinduka byagaragaje ko, ugereranije n'uburyo bwo kugenzura, gutera aside gibberellic na benzyladine ku mashaza byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku burebure bw'igihingwa, umubare w'amababi, ubuso bw'amababi, ingano y'umuzi, uburebure bw'umuzi, urugero rwa chlorophyll, uburemere bushya n'uburemere bwumye.
Kugereranya agaciro k'impuzandengo byagaragaje ko ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku burebure bw'ibimera n'umubare w'amababi. Uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura ni aside gibberellic ku gipimo cya 200 mg/l na aside gibberellic + benzyladine ku gipimo cya 200 mg/l. Ugereranyije n'uburyo bwo kuvura, uburebure bw'ibimera n'umubare w'amababi byiyongereyeho inshuro 32.92 n'inshuro 62.76, uko bikurikirana (Imbonerahamwe ya 2).
Ubuso bw'amababi bwiyongereye cyane mu buryo bwose ugereranije n'ubugenzuzi, aho ubwiyongere ntarengwa bwagaragaye kuri 200 mg/l kuri aside gibberellic, bugera kuri 89.19 cm2. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ubuso bw'amababi bwiyongereye cyane bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibipimo by'imikurire (Imbonerahamwe ya 2).
Uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bwongereye cyane ingano n'uburebure bw'imizi ugereranije n'uburyo bwo kuyigenzura. Guhuza aside gibberellic + benzyladine byagize ingaruka nziza cyane, byongera ingano n'uburebure bw'imizi ho kimwe cya kabiri ugereranije n'uburyo bwo kuyigenzura (Imbonerahamwe ya 2).
Agaciro gakomeye k'umurambararo w'igiti n'uburebure bwa internode byagaragaye mu miti ikoreshwa mu kugenzura no mu kuvura aside gibberellic + benzyladine 200 mg/l, uko bikurikirana.
Igipimo cya chlorophyll cyariyongereye mu buryo bwose ugereranije n’icyitegererezo. Agaciro gakomeye k’iki kimenyetso kagaragaye iyo havuwe aside gibberellic + benzyladine 200 mg/l, kari hejuru ya 30.21% ugereranyije n’icyitegererezo (Imbonerahamwe ya 2).
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko uburyo bwo kuvura bwatanze itandukaniro rinini mu ngano y'ibimera, kugabanuka kw'isukari n'ibinyasukari bishobora gushonga.
Kuvura hakoreshejwe aside gibberellic + benzyladine byatumye habaho ingano ntarengwa y’amabara ya photosynthetic. Iki kimenyetso cyari kinini cyane mu buryo bwose ugereranyije n’ubwakoreshejwe mu gusuzuma.
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bushobora kongera ingano ya chlorophyll ya Schefflera dwarf. Ariko, agaciro kanini k'iki kimenyetso kagaragaye mu kuvura hakoreshejwe aside gibberellic + benzyladine, kari hejuru ya 36.95% ugereranyije n'uburyo bwo kugenzura (Imbonerahamwe ya 3).
Ibisubizo bya chlorophyll b bisa neza n'ibyavuye kuri chlorophyll a, itandukaniro ryonyine ryari ukwiyongera kw'ingano ya chlorophyll b, yari hejuru ya 67.15% ugereranyije n'igenzura (Imbonerahamwe ya 3).
Ubu buvuzi bwatumye habaho ukwiyongera gukomeye kwa chlorophyll yose ugereranije n’uburyo bwo kugenzura. Ubuvuzi hakoreshejwe aside gibberellic 200 mg/l + benzyladine 100 mg/l bwatumye habaho agaciro kanini k’iki kimenyetso, kari hejuru ya 50% ugereranyije n’uburyo bwo kugenzura (Imbonerahamwe ya 3). Dukurikije ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, uburyo bwo kugenzura no kuvura benzyladine ku gipimo cya 100 mg/l bwatumye habaho igipimo cyo hejuru cy’iki kimenyetso. Liriodendron tulipifera ifite agaciro kanini ka carotenoids (Imbonerahamwe ya 3).
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko iyo ivuwe na aside gibberellic ku gipimo cya 200 mg / L, ingano ya chlorophyll yariyongereye cyane ikaba chlorophyll b (Ishusho ya 1).
Ingaruka za aside gibberellic na benzylladenine kuri a/b Ch. Ingano ya dwarf schefflera. (GA3: aside gibberellic na BA: benzylladenine). Inyuguti zimwe muri buri shusho ntizigaragaza itandukaniro rigaragara (P < 0.01).
Ingaruka za buri muti ku buremere bushya n'ubwumye bw'ibiti bya dwarf schefflera zari hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'ubwakoreshejwe mu kugenzura. Aside ya Gibberellike + benzyladine ku gipimo cya 200 mg / l ni bwo buryo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura, bwongereye uburemere bushya ku kigero cya 138.45% ugereranije n'ubwakoreshejwe mu kugenzura. Ugereranyije n'ubwakoreshejwe mu kugenzura, uburyo bwose bwo kuvura uretse 100 mg / L benzyladine bwongereye cyane uburemere bw'ibimera byumye, naho aside ya gibberellike + benzyladine 200 mg / l byatanze agaciro kanini kuri iki kintu (Imbonerahamwe ya 4).
Inyinshi muri izo ngero zitandukanye cyane n’izigenzurwa muri urwo rwego, aho agaciro ko hejuru kari 100 na 200 mg/l ya benzyladine na 200 mg/l ya aside gibberellic + benzyladine (Ishusho ya 2).
Ingaruka za aside gibberellic na benzylladenine ku gipimo cya karubohidrati zishobora gushonga no kugabanya isukari muri dwarf schefflera. (GA3: aside gibberellic na BA: benzylladine). Inyuguti zimwe muri buri gishushanyo ntizigaragaza itandukaniro rinini (P < 0.01).
Isesengura ryakozwe buhoro buhoro kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere nyayo no gusobanukirwa neza isano iri hagati y’ibihinduka byigenga n’umubare w’amababi muri Liriodendron tulipifera. Ingano y’umuzi ni yo ya mbere yashyizwe muri iyo shusho, isobanura 44% by’impinduka. Impinduka ikurikiraho yari uburemere bw’umuzi mushya, kandi izi mpinduka ebyiri zasobanuye 63% by’impinduka mu mubare w’amababi (Imbonerahamwe ya 5).
Isesengura ry'inzira ryakozwe kugira ngo hasobanurwe neza isubira inyuma ry'ibice (Imbonerahamwe ya 6 n'Ishusho ya 3). Ingaruka nziza cyane ku mubare w'amababi yahujwe n'umuzi mushya (0.43), wari ufitanye isano nziza n'umubare w'amababi (0.47). Ibi bigaragaza ko iyi miterere igira ingaruka ku musaruro, mu gihe ingaruka zayo zitaziguye binyuze mu zindi miterere ari nke cyane, kandi ko iyi miterere ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igipimo cyo guhitamo muri gahunda zo kororoka kw'amababi magufi. Ingaruka zitaziguye z'umuzi wari mubi (−0.67). Ingaruka z'iyi miterere ku mubare w'amababi ni izitaziguye, ingaruka zitaziguye ntabwo ari nini. Ibi bigaragaza ko uko imizi iba myinshi, ni ko umubare w'amababi uba muto.
Ishusho ya 4 igaragaza impinduka mu gusubira inyuma kw'ingano y'umuzi no kugabanya isukari. Dukurikije igipimo cyo gusubira inyuma, buri gipimo cy'impinduka mu burebure bw'umuzi n'ibinyasukari bishongeshwa bivuze ko ingano y'umuzi n'igabanuka ry'isukari bihindukaho uniti 0.6019 na 0.311.
Igipimo cy’imikurire cya Pearson kigaragaza imiterere y’ibimera nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 5. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko umubare w’amababi n’uburebure bw’ibimera (0.379*) byari bifite isano n’akamaro kanini cyane.
Imbonerahamwe y'ubushyuhe igaragaza isano iri hagati y'ibintu bihinduka mu mibare y'ingano y'umusaruro. # Y Axis: 1-Index Ch., 2-Internode, 3-LAI, 4-N y'amababi, 5-Uburebure bw'amaguru, 6-Umurambararo w'ibiti. # Ku ruhande rw'umurongo wa X: A - H index, B - intera iri hagati y'amapfundo, C - LAI, D - N. y'ikibabi, E - uburebure bw'amaguru, F - umurambararo w'igiti.
Igipimo cy’isano cya Pearson ku buremere bujyanye n’uburemere butose kigaragara ku Ishusho ya 6. Ibisubizo bigaragaza isano iri hagati y’uburemere bw’amababi butose n’uburemere bw’umurima butose hejuru y’ubutaka (0.834**), uburemere bw’umurima butose (0.913**) n’uburemere bw’umurima butose (0.562*). . Uburemere bw’umurima butose bufite isano iri hejuru kandi ikomeye n’uburemere bw’umurima butose (0.790**) n’uburemere bw’umurima butose (0.741**).
Imbonerahamwe y'ubushyuhe igaragaza isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'uburemere bushya. # Umurongo wa Y: 1 - uburemere bw'amababi mashya, 2 - uburemere bw'imimero mishya, 3 - uburemere bw'imizi mishya, 4 - uburemere bwose bw'amababi mashya. # Umurongo wa X: A - uburemere bw'amababi mashya, B - uburemere bw'imimero mishya, CW - uburemere bw'imizi mishya, D - uburemere bwose bushya.
Ibipimo bya Pearson ku bijyanye n'uburemere bwumye bigaragazwa ku Ishusho ya 7. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko uburemere bw'amababi yumye, uburemere bw'amababi yumye (0.848**) n'uburemere bwumye bwose (0.947**), uburemere bw'amababi yumye (0.854**) n'uburemere bwumye bwose (0.781**) bifite agaciro kanini, isano nziza n'isano ikomeye.
Imbonerahamwe y'ubushyuhe igaragaza isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'uburemere bwumye. # Umurongo wa Y uhagarariye: uburemere bwumye bw'amababi 1, uburemere bwumye bw'amababi 2, uburemere bwumye bw'imizi 3, uburemere bwumye bw'imizi 4. # Umurongo wa X: Uburemere bwumye bw'amababi A, uburemere bwumye bw'amababi B, uburemere bwumye bw'imizi CW, uburemere bwumye bw'imizi D.
Igipimo cya Pearson cy’imiterere y’ibara ry’uruhu kigaragara ku Ishusho ya 8. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko chlorophyll a na chlorophyll b (0.716**), chlorophyll yose (0.968**) n’amabara yose (0.954**); chlorophyll b na chlorophyll yose (0.868**) n’amabara yose (0.851**); chlorophyll yose ifite isano iri hejuru cyane n’amabara yose (0.984**).
Imbonerahamwe y'ubushyuhe yerekana isano iri hagati y'ibipimo bya korofili. # Imirongo ya Y: 1- Umuyoboro a, 2- Umuyoboro. b, 3 – igipimo cya a/b, imiyoboro 4. Igiteranyo, karotenoyide 5, ibara ry'i ...
Schefflera ya Dwarf ni ikimera cyo mu rugo kizwi cyane ku isi yose, kandi imikurire yacyo n'iterambere ryacyo biri kwitabwaho cyane muri iyi minsi. Gukoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera byagize itandukaniro rikomeye, aho uburyo bwose bwo kuvura byongera uburebure bw'ibimera ugereranije n'uburyo bwo kubyitaho. Nubwo uburebure bw'ibimera busanzwe bugenzurwa mu buryo bwa genetiki, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gukoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera bishobora kongera cyangwa kugabanya uburebure bw'ibimera. Uburebure bw'ibimera n'umubare w'amababi yavuwe na aside gibberellic + benzyladine 200 mg / L byari byo hejuru cyane, bigera kuri cm 109 na 38.25, uko bikurikirana. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwabanje (SalehiSardoei et al.52) na Spathiphyllum23, ukwiyongera nk'uku kw'uburebure bw'ibimera bitewe no kuvura aside gibberellic kwagaragaye mu bimera byo mu nkono, albus alba21, daylilies22, daylilies, agarwood na lilies z'amahoro.
Aside ya Gibberellike (GA) igira uruhare runini mu mikorere itandukanye y’ibinyabuzima by’ibimera. Itera imbaraga mu kwigabanya kw’uturemangingo, kurekura kw’uturemangingo, kurekura kw’uturemangingo no kwiyongera kw’ingano24. GA itera ukwigabanya kw’uturemangingo no kurekura kw’uturemangingo mu biti by’amababi na meristems25. Impinduka mu mababi zirimo kandi kugabanuka k’ubugari bw’uturemangingo, ingano nto y’amababi, n’ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi rirabagirana26. Ubushakashatsi bukoresha ibintu bibuza cyangwa bitera imbaraga bwagaragaje ko iyoni za kalisiyumu ziva mu masoko y’imbere zikora nk’intumwa za kabiri mu nzira y’ibimenyetso bya gibberellin muri corolla y’amasaka27. HA yongera uburebure bw’ibimera binyuze mu gukangura imikorere ya enzymes zituma urukuta rw’uturemangingo rurekura, nka XET cyangwa XTH, expansins na PME28. Ibi bituma uturemangingo twaguka uko urukuta rw’uturemangingo rurekura n’amazi yinjira mu turemangingo29. Gukoresha GA7, GA3 na GA4 bishobora kongera kurekura kw’uturemangingo30,31. Aside ya Gibberellike itera kurekura kw’uturemangingo mu bimera by’udusimba, kandi mu bimera bya rosette, GA idindiza gukura kw’amababi no kurekura kw’uturemangingo32. Ariko, mbere y’uko intanga zitangira kubyara, uburebure bw’igiti buriyongera bukagera ku nshuro 4-5 z’uburebure bwacyo bwa mbere33. Uburyo bwo gukora GA mu bimera buvugwa muri Filimi ya 9.
Uburyo bwo gukora GA mu bimera n'urwego rwa GA ikora mu mubiri, ishusho y'ibimera (iburyo) na GA ikora mu mubiri (ibumoso). Utwambi dufite amabara ajyanye n'imiterere ya HA igaragazwa mu nzira yo gukora GA; utwambi dutukura tugaragaza ko urugero rwa GC rwagabanutse bitewe n'aho ingingo z'ibimera ziherereye, naho utwambi tw'umukara tugaragaza ko urugero rwa GC rwiyongera. Mu bimera byinshi, nk'umuceri n'imvange, urugero rwa GA ruri hejuru ku gice cyo hasi cyangwa ku gice cyo hasi cy'ikibabi30. Byongeye kandi, raporo zimwe na zimwe zigaragaza ko urugero rwa GA rukora mu mubiri rugabanuka uko amababi azamuka uvuye ku gice cyo hasi34. Urugero nyarwo rwa gibberellins muri ibi bihe ntiruramenyekana.
Ibipimo by’imikurire y’ibimera nabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mubare n’ubuso bw’amababi. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko kongera ubwinshi bw’ibipimo by’imikurire y’ibimera byatumye ubuso n’umubare by’amababi byiyongera cyane. Bivugwa ko Benzyladine yongera umusaruro w’amababi ya calla15. Dukurikije ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi, uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bwazamuye ubuso n’umubare w’amababi. Aside ya Gibberellike + benzylladine ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura kandi bwatumye habaho umubare n’ubuso bw’amababi byinshi. Mu gihe cyo guhinga dwarf schefflera mu nzu, hashobora kubaho ukwiyongera kugaragara k’umubare w’amababi.
Uburyo bwo kuvura GA3 bwongereye uburebure bwa internode ugereranije na benzyladine (BA) cyangwa nta miti ikoreshwa. Ibi bisubizo birasobanutse bitewe n'uruhare rwa GA mu gutuma igiti gikura7. Gukura kw'igiti nabyo byagaragaje ibisubizo bisa. Aside ya Gibberellike yongereye uburebure bw'igiti ariko igabanya umurambararo wacyo. Ariko, gukoresha hamwe BA na GA3 byongereye cyane uburebure bw'igiti. Uku kwiyongera kwari hejuru ugereranije n'ibimera byavuwe na BA cyangwa bitarimo imisemburo. Nubwo aside gibberellike na cytokinins (CK) muri rusange bitera gukura kw'ibimera, rimwe na rimwe bigira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere itandukanye35. Urugero, hagaragaye imikoranire mibi mu kwiyongera k'uburebure bwa hypocotyl mu bimera byavuwe na GA na BA36. Ku rundi ruhande, BA yongereye cyane ingano y'imizi (Imbonerahamwe ya 1). Ubwinshi bw'imizi buterwa na BA yo hanze bwagaragaye mu bimera byinshi (urugero: ubwoko bwa Dendrobium na Orchid)37,38.
Uburyo bwose bwo kuvura imisemburo bwongereye umubare w'amababi mashya. Kwiyongera ku buryo busanzwe kw'ubuso bw'amababi n'uburebure bw'igiti binyuze mu kuvura bivanze ni byiza ku bucuruzi. Umubare w'amababi mashya ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'imikurire y'ibimera. Gukoresha imisemburo yo hanze ntabwo byigeze bikoreshwa mu gukora Liriodendron tulipifera mu bucuruzi. Ariko, ingaruka za GA na CK zitera imikurire, zikoreshejwe mu buryo buringaniye, zishobora gutanga ibitekerezo bishya mu kunoza ubuhinzi bw'iki gihingwa. Ikigaragara ni uko ingaruka zo gukoresha BA + GA3 mu kuvura zari nyinshi kuruta iza GA cyangwa BA zitangwa zonyine. Aside ya Gibberellike yongera umubare w'amababi mashya. Uko amababi mashya akura, kongera umubare w'amababi mashya bishobora kugabanya imikurire y'amababi39. GA byavuzwe ko irushaho kunoza imiyoboro ya sucrose iva mu bigega ijya mu ngingo zikomokaho40,41. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha GA mu bimera bihoraho mu buryo busanzwe bishobora guteza imbere imikurire y'ibimera nk'amababi n'imizi, bityo bikabuza ko imikurire y'ibimera ihinduka imikurire y'ibimera ijya mu mikurire y'imyororokere42.
Ingaruka za GA ku kongera ibintu byumye ku bimera zishobora gusobanurwa no kwiyongera kwa fotositemu bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubuso bw’amababi43. Byavuzwe ko GA itera kwiyongera k’ubuso bw’amababi bw’ibigori34. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko kongera igipimo cya BA kugeza kuri 200 mg/L bishobora kongera uburebure n’umubare w’amashami ya kabiri n’ingano y’imizi. Aside ya Gibberellike igira ingaruka ku mikorere y’uturemangingo nko gukurura ibyiciro by’uturemangingo no kubyibuha, bityo bikanoza imikurire y’ibimera43. Byongeye kandi, HA yagura urukuta rw’uturemangingo ikoresha hydrolyze muri carbohydrate mo isukari, bityo ikagabanya ubushobozi bw’uturemangingo bwo gukoresha amazi, bigatuma amazi yinjira mu turemangingo kandi amaherezo biganisha ku burebure bw’uturemangingo44.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2024