Ikwirakwizwa ry'imvura mu Ntara ya Guizhou mu bihe bitandukanye, aho imvura nyinshi mu mpeshyi no mu mpeshyi, ariko imbuto z'imbuto za cape zigira ikibazo cy'amapfa mu gihe cy'umuhindo no mu gihe cy'itumba, ibyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro. Sinapi ni igihingwa cyihariye cy'imbuto z'amavuta gihingwa cyane cyane mu Ntara ya Guizhou. Gishobora kwihanganira amapfa cyane kandi gishobora guhingwa mu misozi miremire. Ni isoko ikungahaye ku ngirabuzimafatizo zirwanya amapfa. Kuvumbura ngirabuzimafatizo zirwanya amapfa ni ingenzi cyane mu kunoza ubwoko bwa sinapi, no guhanga udushya mu miterere y'imbuto za germplasm. Umuryango wa GRF ugira uruhare runini mu mikurire n'iterambere ry'ibimera no guhangana n'amapfa. Kuri ubu, ngirabuzimafatizo za GRF zabonetse muri Arabidopsis 2, umuceri (Oryza sativa) 12, imbuto za cape 13, ipamba (Gossypium hirsutum) 14, ingano (Triticum). aestivum)15, ishaza ry'amapera (Setaria italica)16 na Brassica17, ariko nta raporo z'ngirabuzimafatizo za GRF zabonetse muri sinapi. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, imiterere y’uturemangingo twa sinapi twa GRF yagaragajwe ku rwego rwa genome yose kandi imiterere yatwo mu buryo bw’umubiri n’ubutabire, isano iri hagati y’ubwihindurize n’impinduka, isano iri hagati y’uturemangingo, inkomoko y’uturemangingo, imiterere y’uturemangingo, imiterere y’uturemangingo, imiterere y’uturemangingo, imiterere y’uturemangingo, ibice bya cis n’icyiciro cyo kubyara (icyiciro cy’amababi ane) byarasesenguwe. Imiterere y’imyitwarire mu gihe cy’amapfa yasesenguwe mu buryo bwuzuye kugira ngo habeho ishingiro rya siyansi ry’inyongera ku mikorere y’uturemangingo twa BjGRF mu guhangana n’amapfa no gutanga tumwe mu turemangingo two korora sinapi yihanganira amapfa.
Genes mirongo itatu na enye za BjGRF zabonetse muri genome ya Brassica juncea hakoreshejwe ubushakashatsi bubiri bwa HMMER, bwose burimo domaine za QLQ na WRC. Urutonde rwa CDS rw'genes za BjGRF zagaragaye rugaragara mu mbonerahamwe y'inyongera S1. BjGRF01–BjGRF34 zitwa amazina hashingiwe ku gace kazo kuri chromosome. Imiterere ya fizikike y'uyu muryango igaragaza ko uburebure bwa aside amine buhinduka cyane, kuva kuri 261 aa (BjGRF19) kugeza kuri 905 aa (BjGRF28). Agace ka isoelectric ka BjGRF kari hagati ya 6.19 (BjGRF02) na 9.35 (BjGRF03) hamwe n'impuzandengo ya 8.33, naho 88.24% bya BjGRF ni poroteyine y'ibanze. Ingano y'uburemere bwa molekile ya BjGRF iri hagati ya 29.82 kDa (BjGRF19) na 102.90 kDa (BjGRF28); igipimo cy'ubudahangarwa bwa poroteyine za BjGRF kiri hagati ya 51.13 (BjGRF08) na 78.24 (BjGRF19), byose birenga 40, bigaragaza ko igipimo cya aside irike kiri hagati ya 43.65 (BjGRF01) na 78.78 (BjGRF22), ubuziranenge bw'ubudahangarwa bw'amazi (GRAVY) buri hagati ya -1.07 (BjGRF31) na -0.45 (BjGRF22), poroteyine zose za BjGRF zikunda amazi zifite agaciro ka GRAVY katari keza, bishobora guterwa no kutagira ubudahangarwa bw'amazi buterwa n'ibisigazwa. Isuzuma ry’aho imiterere y’uturemangingo iherereye ryagaragaje ko poroteyine 31 za BjGRF zishobora kuba mu gice cy’umubiri, BjGRF04 ishobora kuba mu gice cy’umubiri, BjGRF25 ishobora kuba mu gice cy’umubiri, na BjGRF28 ishobora kuba mu gice cy’umubiri (Imbonerahamwe ya 1), bigaragaza ko BjGRF zishobora kuba mu gice cy’umubiri kandi zikagira uruhare runini mu kugenzura nk’ikintu gikoreshwa mu kwandika.
Isesengura ry’imiterere y’ibinyabuzima ku miryango ya GRF mu moko atandukanye rishobora gufasha kwiga imikorere y’uturemangingo. Kubwibyo, urukurikirane rw’uturemangingo tw’amine tw’imyaka 35 twa rapeseeds, turnip 16, umuceri 12, ingano 10 na Arabidopsis GRF 9 byarakuweho maze igiti cya phylogenetike cyubatswe hashingiwe ku turemangingo 34 twa BjGRF twagaragaye (Ishusho ya 1). Imiryango itatu mito irimo umubare utandukanye w’abanyamuryango; 116 GRF TFs zigabanyijemo imiryango itatu itandukanye (amatsinda A ~ C), irimo 59 (50.86%), 34 (29.31%) na 23 (19.83)% bya GRFs, uko bikurikirana. Muri bo, abagize umuryango wa BjGRF 34 batatanye mu miryango 3 mito: abanyamuryango 13 mu itsinda A (38.24%), abanyamuryango 12 mu itsinda B (35.29%) n’abanyamuryango 9 mu itsinda C (26.47%). Mu gikorwa cyo gutera ingano ya sinapi, umubare w’uturemangingo twa BjGRF mu miryango itandukanye uratandukanye, kandi kwiyongera no gutakaza uturemangingo bishobora kuba byarabayeho. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko nta gukwirakwiza kwa GRF z’umuceri n’amasaka mu itsinda rya C, mu gihe hari GRF 2 z’umuceri na GRF 1 y’amasaka mu itsinda rya B, kandi inyinshi muri GRF z’umuceri n’amasaka zishyizwe mu itsinda rimwe, bigaragaza ko BjGRF zifitanye isano ya hafi na dicots. Muri zo, ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku mikorere ya GRF muri Arabidopsis thaliana butanga ishingiro ry’ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya BjGRF.
Igiti cya sinapi gifite imiterere y’ibinyabuzima birimo Brassica napus, Brassica napus, umuceri, uburo n’ibimera byo mu muryango wa Arabidopsis thaliana GRF.
Isesengura ry'uturemangingo twisubiramo mu muryango wa sinapi GRF. Umurongo w'imvi inyuma ugaragaza agace gahuje muri genome ya sinapi, umurongo utukura ugaragaza inshuro ebyiri zisubiramo za genome ya BjGRF;
Igaragara rya gene ya BjGRF mu gihe cy'amapfa ku cyiciro cya kane cy'amababi. Amakuru ya qRT-PCR agaragara mu mbonerahamwe y'inyongera S5. Itandukaniro rikomeye mu makuru rigaragazwa n'inyuguti nto.
Uko ikirere cy’isi gikomeza guhinduka, kwiga uburyo ibihingwa bihangana n’ikibazo cy’amapfa no kunoza uburyo bwo kwihanganira imihindagurikire yabyo byabaye ingingo ikomeye y’ubushakashatsi18. Nyuma y’amapfa, imiterere y’imiterere y’ibimera, imiterere y’uturemangingo n’imikorere ya metabolic y’ibimera bizahinduka, bishobora gutuma fotositeyine ihagarara no guhindagurika kwa metabolic, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibihingwa19,20,21. Iyo ibimera byumvise ibimenyetso by’amapfa, bitanga intumwa za kabiri nka Ca2+ na phosphatidylinositol, byongera ubwinshi bwa calcium ion mu ngirabuzima fatizo kandi bigakoresha urusobe rw’inzira ya phosphorylation ya poroteyine22,23. Poroteyine ya nyuma igize uruhare rutaziguye mu kurinda uturemangingo cyangwa ikagenzura uburyo gene zifitanye isano na stress zigaragara binyuze muri TF, yongera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira stress24,25. Bityo, TF zigira uruhare runini mu guhangana n’ihungabana ry’amapfa. Dukurikije uburyo ADN ifatana n’imiterere ya TF zihangana n’ihungabana ry’amapfa, TF zishobora kugabanywamo imiryango itandukanye, nka GRF, ERF, MYB, WRKY n’indi miryango26.
Umuryango wa GRF gene ni ubwoko bwa TF yihariye y’ibimera igira uruhare runini mu bintu bitandukanye nko gukura, iterambere, gutanga ibimenyetso no kwirwanaho kw’ibimera27. Kuva aho gene ya mbere ya GRF igaragariye muri O. sativa28, gene nyinshi za GRF zagaragaye mu moko menshi kandi byagaragaye ko zigira ingaruka ku mikurire y’ibimera, iterambere n’ingaruka ku mihangayiko8, 29, 30,31,32. Nyuma yo gusohora urukurikirane rwa genome ya Brassica juncea, kumenya umuryango wa gene ya BjGRF byarashobotse33. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, gene 34 za BjGRF zagaragaye muri genome yose ya sinapi maze zitwa BjGRF01–BjGRF34 hashingiwe ku mwanya wazo wa chromosome. Zose zirimo QLQ na WRC zibitswe cyane. Isesengura ry’imiterere ya fizikike ryagaragaje ko itandukaniro riri mu mibare ya aside amine n’uburemere bwa molekile za poroteyine za BjGRF (usibye BjGRF28) ritari rinini, bigaragaza ko abagize umuryango wa BjGRF bashobora kugira imirimo imwe. Isesengura ry’imiterere ya za gene ryagaragaje ko 64.7% by’uturemangingo twa BjGRF twari dufite za exon 4, bigaragaza ko imiterere ya za gene ya BjGRF ikomeje kugaragara mu ihindagurika ry’ibihe, ariko umubare wa za exon muri za gene za BjGRF10, BjGRF16, BjGRP28 na BjGRF29 ni munini. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kongeramo cyangwa gusiba za exon cyangwa za intron bishobora gutuma habaho itandukaniro mu miterere n’imikorere ya za gene, bityo hakavuka za gene nshya34,35,36. Kubwibyo, dutekereza ko intron ya BjGRF yatakaye mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’ibihe, ibi bikaba bishobora guteza impinduka mu mikorere ya za gene. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi buriho, twasanze kandi umubare wa za intron ufitanye isano no kugaragaza za gene. Iyo umubare wa za intron muri za gene ari munini, za gene zishobora guhita zisubiza ibintu bitandukanye bibi.
Guteranya imiterere y’uturemangingo ni ikintu gikomeye mu iterambere rya genomike n’imiterere y’uturemangingo37. Ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’ibyo bwagaragaje ko guteranya imiterere y’uturemangingo bitiyongera gusa umubare wa jeni za GRF, ahubwo binakora nk'uburyo bwo gukora jeni nshya zifasha ibimera guhangana n’imimerere mibi itandukanye y’ibidukikije38. Muri ubu bushakashatsi habonetse jeni ebyiri 48 zibiri, zose zikaba zari imiterere y’uturemangingo, bigaragaza ko guteranya imiterere y’uturemangingo ari bwo buryo bw’ingenzi bwo kongera umubare wa jeni muri uyu muryango. Byavuzwe mu nyandiko ko guteranya imiterere y’uturemangingo bishobora guteza imbere kwiyongera kw’abagize umuryango wa jeni za GRF muri Arabidopsis na sitroberi, kandi nta guteranya imiterere y’utu turemangingo twabonetse muri ubwo bwoko ubwo aribwo bwose27,39. Ibisubizo by’ubu bushakashatsi bihuye n’ubushakashatsi buriho ku miryango ya Arabidopsis thaliana na sitroberi, bigaragaza ko umuryango wa GRF ushobora kongera umubare wa jeni no kubyara jeni nshya binyuze mu guteranya imiterere y’uturemangingo mu bimera bitandukanye.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, hagaragayemo genes 34 za BjGRF muri sinapi, zagabanyijwemo imiryango itatu mito. Izi genes zagaragaje imyitwarire isa n’iyabitswe n’imiterere ya genes. Isesengura rya Collinearity ryagaragaje ibice 48 by’ibyiciro muri sinapi. Agace k’umutezi wa BjGRF karimo ibintu bikora cis bifitanye isano n’urumuri, imisemburo, ingaruka ku bidukikije, n’iterambere. Igaragara rya genes 34 za BjGRF ryabonetse mu cyiciro cy’imbuto za sinapi (imizi, amashami, amababi), n’imiterere y’igaragara rya genes 10 za BjGRF mu gihe cy’amapfa. Byagaragaye ko imiterere y’igaragara rya genes za BjGRF mu gihe cy’amapfa yari isa kandi ishobora kuba isa. uruhare mu mapfa. Genes za BjGRF03 na BjGRF32 zishobora kugira uruhare rwiza mu kugenzura amapfa, mu gihe BjGRF06 na BjGRF23 zigira uruhare mu mapfa nk’genes zigamije miR396. Muri rusange, ubushakashatsi bwacu butanga ishingiro ry’ibinyabuzima ryo kuvumbura imikorere ya genes za BjGRF mu bimera bya Brassicaceae mu gihe kizaza.
Imbuto za sinapi zakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi zatanzwe n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku mbuto z’amavuta cya Guizhou, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi bw’Ubuhinzi rya Guizhou. Hitamo imbuto zose uzitere mu butaka (ubutaka = 3:1), hanyuma ukusanye imizi, amashami n’amababi nyuma y’icyiciro cy’amababi ane. Ibimera byatewe umuti wa 20% PEG 6000 kugira ngo bigane amapfa, kandi amababi yakusanyijwe nyuma y’amasaha 0, 3, 6, 12 na 24. Ingero zose z’ibimera zahise zikonjeshwa muri azote y’amazi hanyuma zibikwa muri firigo -80°C kugira ngo bizakorerwe ikizamini gikurikiraho.
Amakuru yose yabonetse cyangwa yasesenguwe muri ubu bushakashatsi ari mu nyandiko yasohotse ndetse n'amadosiye y'inyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2025