Ingaruka mbi ku binyampeke: Kuki ingano zacu zirimo chlormequat?

Chlormequat izwi cyaneigenzura ry'imikurire y'ibimeraikoreshwa mu gukomeza imiterere y'ibimera no koroshya gusarura. Ariko ubu iyi miti iri gusuzumwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa muri Amerika nyuma y'uko ivumbuwe mu buryo butunguranye kandi bukwirakwira mu bigega by'ingano byo muri Amerika. Nubwo icyo gihingwa cyabujijwe kuribwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, chlormequat yabonetse mu bicuruzwa byinshi by'ingano biboneka mu gihugu hose.
Ubusanzwe chlormequat yagaragaye binyuze mu bushakashatsi n'iperereza byakozwe n'itsinda rishinzwe ibidukikije (EWG), mu bushakashatsi buherutse gusohoka mu kinyamakuru Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, ryagaragaje ko mu manza eshanu chlormequat yabonetse mu nkari za bane muri bo. Abantu bane muri bo.
Alexis Temkin, umuhanga mu by’uburozi wo mu itsinda rishinzwe ibidukikije, yagaragaje impungenge ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa na chlormequat ku buzima, agira ati: “Gukoresha cyane uyu muti wica udukoko mu bantu bituma bigorana kuwucunga. Hari n’umuntu uzi ko yariwe.”
Ubuvumbuzi bw'uko urugero rwa chlormequat mu biribwa by'ibanze ruri hagati ya 291 μg/kg byateje impaka ku ngaruka zishobora kubaho ku buzima bw'abaguzi, cyane cyane ko chlormequat yagaragaye ko ifitanye isano n'ingaruka mbi ku myororokere n'ingaruka mbi ku myororokere mu bushakashatsi ku nyamaswa ku bibazo bijyanye n'imikurire y'umwana uri mu nda.
Nubwo Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika (EPA) gitekereza ko chlormequat itera ingaruka nke iyo ikoreshejwe nk'uko byasabwe, kuba iri mu bicuruzwa bizwi cyane nka Cheerios na Quaker Oats birateye impungenge. Iki kibazo gisaba byihutirwa uburyo bukomeye kandi burambuye bwo kugenzura itangwa ry'ibiribwa, ndetse n'inyigo zirambuye ku burozi n'ibiza kugira ngo hasuzumwe neza ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ingaruka za chlormequat ku buzima.
Ikibazo nyamukuru kiri mu buryo bwo kugenzura no kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’imiti igabanya ubukana bw’ibihingwa n’imiti yica udukoko mu buhinzi. Ivumburwa rya chlormequat mu bihingwa by’ingano (nubwo ribujijwe) rigaragaza inenge z’amategeko agenga iki gihe kandi rikerekana ko hakenewe ishyirwa mu bikorwa rikomeye ry’amategeko ariho ndetse wenda n’amabwiriza mashya y’ubuzima rusange.
Temkin yashimangiye akamaro k'amabwiriza, agira ati: “Guverinoma y'igihugu igira uruhare runini mu kugenzura neza, gukora ubushakashatsi no kugenzura imiti yica udukoko. Nyamara Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije gikomeje kureka inshingano zacyo zo kurinda abana imiti ihumanya mu biribwa byabo. Inshingano ku byago bishobora kubaho.” ingaruka ku buzima zikomoka ku miti ihumanya nka chlormequat.”
Iyi mimerere kandi igaragaza akamaro ko kumenyekanisha abaguzi n'uruhare rugira mu buvugizi bw'ubuzima rusange. Abaguzi basobanukiwe neza bahangayikishijwe n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa na chlormequat ku buzima barimo kugenda bahindukirira ibikomoka ku bimera nk'uburyo bwo kwirinda kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo guhura nabyo n'ibindi bintu bihumanya ikirere. Iyi mpinduka ntigaragaza gusa uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara, ahubwo inagaragaza ko hakenewe ubwisanzure n'umutekano mu mikorere y'ibiribwa.
Kuvumbura chlormequat mu itangwa ry’ingano y’ibimera muri Amerika ni ikibazo gifite impande nyinshi kireba inzego zishinzwe kugenzura, ubuzima rusange, no kurengera abaguzi. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke neza bisaba ubufatanye hagati y’inzego za leta, urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’abaturage kugira ngo haboneke ibiribwa bisukuye kandi bidafite umwanda.
Muri Mata 2023, mu gusubiza ubusabe bwo mu 2019 bwatanzwe n'uruganda rwa chlormequat Taminco, Ikigo cya Biden gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyatanze igitekerezo cyo kwemerera chlormequat gukoreshwa muri sayiri, ingano, triticale n'ingano zo muri Amerika ku nshuro ya mbere, ariko EWG yarwanyije gahunda. Amategeko yatanzwe ntararangizwa.
Mu gihe ubushakashatsi bukomeje kugaragaza ingaruka zishobora guterwa na chlormequat n'ibindi binyabutabire bisa na byo, guteza imbere ingamba zihamye zo kurengera ubuzima bw'abaguzi hatabayeho kwangiza ubusugire n'uburambe bw'uburyo bwo gukora ibiribwa bigomba kuba iby'ingenzi.
Ikigo cy’ibiribwa kimaze imyaka irenga 90 ari cyo “soko rimwe” ry’abayobozi b’inganda z’ibiribwa, gitanga amakuru afatika binyuze mu makuru avugururwa buri munsi kuri imeri, raporo za buri cyumweru kuri Ikigo cy’ibiribwa ndetse n’isomero rinini ry’ubushakashatsi kuri interineti. Uburyo bwacu bwo gukusanya amakuru burenga “gushakisha amagambo y’ingenzi” gusa.