Ibirayi, ingano, umuceri, n'ibigori bizwi cyane nk'ibihingwa bine by'ingenzi ku isi, kandi bifite umwanya w'ingenzi mu iterambere ry'ubukungu bw'ubuhinzi mu Bushinwa. Ibirayi, nanone bita ibirayi, ni imboga zisanzwe mubuzima bwacu. Birashobora gukorwa muburyohe bwinshi. Harimo intungamubiri nyinshi kuruta izindi mbuto n'imboga. Bakungahaye cyane cyane kuri krahisi, imyunyu ngugu na proteyine. Bafite "pome yo munsi". Umutwe. Ariko mugihe cyo gutera ibirayi, abahinzi bakunze guhura nudukoko nindwara zitandukanye, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubuhinzi. Mugihe cyubushyuhe nubushuhe, indwara yibibabi byibirayi iba myinshi. None, ni ibihe bimenyetso biranga ibibabi byibirayi? Nigute twakwirinda?
Ibimenyetso byibyago Byangiza cyane amababi, inyinshi murizo nizo ndwara zambere kumababi ya senescent yo hepfo mugihe cyo hagati no gutinda gukura. Amababi y'ibirayi yanduye, guhera hafi yuruhande rwibabi cyangwa hejuru yikibabi, ibibara byatsi-umukara wa nerotique biboneka mugice cyambere, hanyuma bigakura buhoro buhoro bigahinduka hafi ya "V" -bimeze nk'imvi nini-nini-nini nini ya nerotike, hamwe nimpeta zidasanzwe. , kandi impande zinyuma zumwanya urwaye akenshi ni Chlorescence kandi zigahinduka umuhondo, hanyuma amaherezo amababi arwaye ni nérotic kandi arashya, kandi rimwe na rimwe hashobora gukorerwa ibibara byijimye byijimye ku bibanza birwaye, ngo ni, conidia ya patogene. Rimwe na rimwe, irashobora kwanduza ibiti n'imizabibu, bigakora ibibara bitagira ibara byijimye-umukara wa nerotic, hanyuma bigashobora kubyara uduce duto twijimye mu gice kirwaye.
Uburyo bwo kubaho Ibibabi byibirayi biterwa no kwandura fungus idatunganye neza Phoma vulgaris. Iyi virusi itera imbeho mu butaka hamwe na sclerotium cyangwa hyphae hamwe nuduce twarwaye, kandi irashobora no gutumba ibindi bisigazwa byakiriwe. Iyo ibihe byumwaka utaha bibaye byiza, amazi yimvura atera indwara ziterwa nubutaka kumababi cyangwa ibiti bitera kwandura bwa mbere. Indwara imaze kubaho, sclerotia cyangwa conidia ikorwa mugice kirwaye. Indwara zisubiramo hifashishijwe amazi yimvura itera indwara gukwirakwira. Ubushuhe n'ubushuhe buhebuje bifasha indwara no gukwirakwira. Indwara irakomeye cyane mubibanza bifite ubutaka bubi, gucunga neza, gutera cyane, no gukura kw'ibihingwa.
Uburyo bwo gukumira no kugenzura ingamba zubuhinzi: hitamo ibibanza byera cyane byo gutera, kumenya ubwinshi bwibihingwa; kongera ifumbire mvaruganda, no gukoresha neza ifumbire ya fosifore na potasiyumu; gushimangira imiyoborere mugihe cyo gukura, kuvomera no gukanda mugihe, kugirango wirinde gusaza imburagihe; mugihe gikwiye nyuma yo gusarura Kuraho imibiri irwaye mumurima hanyuma uyisenye muburyo bukomatanyije.
Kurwanya imiti: kwirinda spray no kuvura mugihe cyambere cyindwara. Mugihe cyambere cyindwara, urashobora guhitamo gukoresha 70% ya thiophanate-methyl wettable ifu yikubye inshuro 600 amazi, cyangwa 70% mancozeb WP inshuro 600, cyangwa 50% iprodione WP 1200 Kugwiza amazi + 50% Ifu ya Dibendazim yamashanyarazi inshuro 500 amazi , cyangwa 50% Vincenzolide WP inshuro 1500 amazi + 70% Mancozeb WP inshuro 800 amazi, cyangwa 560g / L Azoxybacter · Igihe Inshuro 800-1200 zamazi ya Junqing ahagarika, 5% ya chlorothalonil ifu ya 1kg-2kg / mu, cyangwa 5% kasugamycin · ifu ya hydroxide yumuringa 1kg / mu nayo irashobora gukoreshwa muguhinga ahantu harinzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-15-2021