Ubudahangarwa bw'ibyatsi bivuga ubushobozi bw'ubwoko bw'icyatsi kibisi bwo kubaho mu gihe cy'uburozi bw'icyatsi kibisi, ubwo ubwoko bwacyo bwa mbere bwari bwibasiwe nabwo. Ubwoko bw'ibinyabuzima ni itsinda ry'ibimera biri mu bwoko bufite imiterere ya binyabuzima (nk'ubudahangarwa bw'icyatsi kibisi runaka) butari busanzwe ku baturage muri rusange. Ubudahangarwa bw'ibyatsi kibisi bushobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyane gihangayikishije abahinzi ba Carolina y'Amajyaruguru. Ku isi yose, ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibisi birenga 100 bizwiho kuba birwanya umuti umwe cyangwa myinshi ikoreshwa cyane. Muri Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, ubu dufite ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibisi birwanya imiti yica ibyatsi bibisi ya dinitroaniline (Prowl, Sonalan, na Treflan), ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibisi birwanya MSMA na DSMA, hamwe n'ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibisi birwanya Hoelon buri mwaka. Kugeza vuba aha, nta mpungenge nyinshi zari zihari ku iterambere ry'ubudahangarwa bw'ibyatsi bibisi muri Carolina y'Amajyaruguru. Nubwo dufite ubwoko butatu bufite ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibisi birwanya imiti imwe n'imwe, kubaho kw'ubu bwoko bw'ibinyabuzima byasobanurwaga byoroshye no guhinga ibihingwa mu murima umwe. Abahinzi bazengurukaga ibihingwa ntibari bafite impungenge ku budahangarwa. Icyakora, ibintu byarahindutse mu myaka ya vuba aha bitewe n’iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’imiti myinshi yica ibyatsi ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora. Uburyo bwo gukora buvuga inzira yihariye umuti wicamo ibimera bishobora kwangirika.
Muri iki gihe, imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora ishobora gukoreshwa ku bihingwa byinshi bishobora guhingwa mu buryo busimburanya. Igiteye impungenge cyane ni imiti yica udukoko ibuza sisitemu ya ALS. Imiti myinshi ikoreshwa cyane ni imiti igabanya ubukana bwa ALS. Byongeye kandi, imiti myinshi mishya yitezweho kwandikwa mu myaka 5 iri imbere ni imiti igabanya ubukana bwa ALS. Nk'itsinda, imiti igabanya ubukana bwa ALS ifite ibintu byinshi bisa nkaho bituma itera ubukana bw'ibimera. Imiti yica udukoko ikoreshwa mu musaruro w'ibihingwa kuko ari myiza cyangwa ihendutse kurusha ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi. Iyo imiti yica udukoko cyangwa umuryango w'imiti yica udukoko iteye, imiti ikwiriye ishobora kubura. Urugero, nta miti yindi ihari yo kurwanya ubwatsi bwa Hoelon burwanya. Bityo, imiti yica udukoko igomba gufatwa nk'umutungo ugomba kurindwa. Tugomba gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bubuza iterambere ry'ubukana. Gusobanukirwa uburyo ubukana butera imbere ni ngombwa kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo bwo kwirinda ubukana. Hari ibintu bibiri bisabwa kugira ngo ubukana bw'imiti butere imbere. Icya mbere, ibyatsi bibi bifite utunyangingo dutanga ubukana bigomba kuba biri mu baturage kavukire. Icya kabiri, igitutu cyo guhitamo gituruka ku ikoreshwa rikomeye ry’umuti w’ibimera utari usanzwe urwanya bigomba gushyirwa ku baturage. Abantu badashobora kurwanya, niba bahari, bagize ijanisha rito cyane ry’abaturage bose. Ubusanzwe, abantu badashobora kurwanya babaho inshuro kuva kuri 1 kuri 100.000 kugeza kuri 1 kuri miliyoni 100. Iyo imiti imwe y’ibimera cyangwa imiti y’ibimera ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora ikoreshwa buri gihe, abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara baricwa ariko abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara ntibagire icyo bangiza kandi batanga imbuto. Iyo igitutu cyo guhitamo kikomeje mu bisekuru byinshi, ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima budashobora kurwanya indwara buzaba bugize ijanisha rinini ry’abaturage. Muri icyo gihe, kurwanya ibyatsi bibi byemewe ntibishobora kuboneka hamwe n’imiti cyangwa imiti y’ibimera. Igice kimwe cy’ingenzi mu ngamba zo gucunga kugira ngo hirindwe impinduka mu kurwanya imiti y’ibimera ni uguhinduranya imiti y’ibimera ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora. Ntugashyire imiti y’ibimera mu cyiciro cy’ibimera bishobora gutera ibyago byinshi mu mbonerahamwe ya 15 kugeza ku bihingwa bibiri bikurikirana. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ntugakoreshe iyi miti y’ibimera ishobora gutera ibyago byinshi mu gihingwa kimwe. Ntugakoreshe imiti y’ibimera mu cyiciro cy’ibimera bishobora gutera ibyago byinshi mu bihingwa birenga bibiri bikurikirana. Imiti yica ibyatsi iri mu cyiciro cy’ibyatsi bike igomba guhitamo igihe izagenzura urusobe rw’ibyatsi bibi biriho. Imiti ivanze cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica ibyatsi mu buryo butandukanye akenshi ifatwa nk’ibice bigize ingamba zo kurwanya ubukana. Niba ibice by’imiti ivanze cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’imiti ikurikirana byatoranijwe neza, iyi ngamba ishobora gufasha cyane mu gutinza iterambere ry’ubukana. Ikibabaje ni uko byinshi mu bisabwa mu miti ivanze cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’imiti ikurikirana kugira ngo hirindwe ubukana bituzuzwa n’imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa. Kugira ngo ibe myiza cyane mu gukumira iterambere ry’ubukana, imiti yica ibyatsi ikoreshwa mu buryo bumwe cyangwa mu miti ivanze igomba kugira uburyo bumwe bwo kugenzura kandi igomba kugira ubukana bumwe. Mu buryo bushoboka, shyiramo uburyo bwo kurwanya ibyatsi bitari imiti nko guhinga muri gahunda yo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi. Bika inyandiko nziza z’ikoreshwa ry’imiti muri buri murima kugira ngo urebe mu gihe kizaza. Gutahura ibyatsi bibi birwanya ibyatsi bibi. Ibyinshi mu bintu bidashobora kurwanya ibyatsi bibi ntibiterwa no kudahangana n’imiti. Mbere yo gutekereza ko ibyatsi bibi bidashobora gutera imiti irwanya ibyatsi bibi, kuraho ibindi bintu byose bishobora gutuma habaho ubukana bubi. Impamvu zishobora gutuma habaho ubukana bubi bwo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi zirimo ibintu nko gukoresha nabi (nk’igipimo kidahagije, gutwikira nabi, gushyiramo nabi, cyangwa kutagira inyongeramusaruro); ikirere kibi kugira ngo imiti yica udukoko ikore neza; igihe kitari cyiza cyo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko (cyane cyane, gukoresha imiti yica udukoko nyuma yo kumera nyuma y’ibyatsi bibi ni binini cyane ku buryo bitashobora kugenzurwa neza); hamwe n’ibyatsi bibi bivuka nyuma yo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko isanzwe.
Izindi mpamvu zose zishobora gutuma habaho kurwanya nabi zimaze gukurwaho, ibi bikurikira bishobora kugaragaza ko hari ubwoko bw'ibinyabuzima birwanya imiti yica udukoko:
(1) ubwoko bwose busanzwe bugenzurwa n'umuti urimo ibyatsi uretse bumwe bugenzurwa neza;
(2) ibimera bizima by’ubwoko buvugwa bishyirwa mu bimera by’ubwoko bumwe byishwe;
(3) ubwoko bw'ibimera butagenzurwa bukunze kwibasirwa cyane n'umuti w'ibimera uvugwa;
(4) umurima ufite amateka yo gukoresha cyane imiti yica udukoko cyangwa imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora. Niba ukeka ko ubudahangarwa, hita uhagarika gukoresha imiti yica udukoko n'indi miti ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora. Vugana n'umukozi ushinzwe serivisi zo kwagura akarere kawe n'uhagarariye ikigo cy'imiti kugira ngo bakugire inama ku ngamba zo kuyirwanya. Kurikiza gahunda ikomeye ishingiye ku miti yica udukoko ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora n'uburyo bwo kuyirwanya butari imiti kugira ngo ugabanye umusaruro w'imbuto z'ibyatsi uko bishoboka kose. Irinde gukwirakwiza imbuto z'ibyatsi mu yindi mirima. Teganya gahunda yawe yo gucunga ibyatsi bibi ku bihingwa bikurikira witonze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-08-2021