Ubudahangarwa bw'imiti yica ibyatsi

Ubudahangarwa bw'ibyatsi bivuga ubushobozi bw'ubwoko bw'icyatsi kibisi bwo kubaho mu gihe cy'uburozi bw'ibyatsi, ubwo ubwoko bwacyo bwashoboraga kwibasirwa nabwo. Ubwoko bw'ibinyabuzima ni itsinda ry'ibimera biri mu bwoko bufite imiterere yabyo (nk'ubudahangarwa bw'icyatsi runaka) butari busanzwe ku bwoko bwose muri rusange.

Ubudahangarwa bw'imiti ishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyane abahinzi ba Carolina y'Amajyaruguru bahura nacyo. Ku isi yose, ubwoko burenga 100 bw'ibyatsi bibi buzwiho kurwanya umuti umwe cyangwa myinshi ikoreshwa cyane. Muri Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, ubu dufite ubwoko bw'ibyatsi bibi birwanya imiti yica udukoko ya dinitroaniline (Prowl, Sonalan, na Treflan), ubwoko bw'ibimera birwanya MSMA na DSMA, hamwe n'ubwoko bw'ibyatsi byimira buri mwaka birwanya Hoelon.

Kugeza vuba aha, nta mpungenge nyinshi zari zihari ku iterambere ry’ubudahangarwa bw’ibimera muri Carolina y’Amajyaruguru. Nubwo dufite amoko atatu afite ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima burwanya imiti imwe n’imwe, kuba ubwo bwoko bw’ibinyabuzima byasobanurwaga byoroshye no guhinga ibihingwa mu buhinzi bumwe. Abahinzi bazunguzaga ibihingwa ntibari bafite impamvu yo guhangayikishwa n’ubudahangarwa. Ariko, ibintu byarahindutse mu myaka ya vuba aha bitewe n’iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’imiti myinshi ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora (Imbonerahamwe ya 15 na 16). Uburyo bwo gukora buvuga inzira yihariye aho umuti wica igihingwa gishobora kwibasirwa n’ibimera. Muri iki gihe, imiti ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora ishobora gukoreshwa ku bihingwa byinshi bishobora guhingwa mu buryo busimburana. Igiteye impungenge cyane ni imiti yica ibimera ibuza sisitemu ya ALS (Imbonerahamwe ya 15). Imiti myinshi ikoreshwa cyane ni imiti ibuza ALS. Byongeye kandi, imiti myinshi mishya yitezwe kwandikwa mu myaka 5 iri imbere ni imiti ibuza ALS. Nk’itsinda, imiti ibuza ALS ifite ibintu byinshi bisa nkaho bituma ikunda kwibasirwa n’ibimera.

Imiti yica ibyatsi ikoreshwa mu buhinzi bw’ibimera kuko ari yo ifite akamaro cyangwa ihendutse kurusha ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi. Iyo imiti yica ibyatsi cyangwa ubwoko bw’imiti yica ibyatsi bihinduka, imiti ikwiye ishobora kuba idafite ubundi bwoko bw’imiti. Urugero, nta miti isanzwe ihari yo kurwanya ibyatsi birwanya Hoelon. Bityo, imiti yica ibyatsi igomba gufatwa nk'umutungo ugomba kurindwa. Tugomba gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi mu buryo butuma imiti igabanya ubukana bw’ibyatsi.

Gusobanukirwa uburyo kurwanya indwara bihinduka ni ingenzi kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe uburyo bwo kwirinda kurwanya indwara. Hari ibintu bibiri bisabwa kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu kurwanya imiti yica udukoko. Icya mbere, ibyatsi bibi bifite uturemangingo dutanga ubudahangarwa bigomba kuba biri mu baturage kavukire. Icya kabiri, igitutu cyo guhitamo gituruka ku ikoreshwa rikomeye ry’umuti urwanya iyi miti, iyo miti idasanzwe idahangarwa, kigomba gushyirwa ku baturage. Abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara, niba bahari, ni bake cyane mu baturage bose. Ubusanzwe, abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara baba bahari ku nshuro kuva kuri 1 ku 100.000 kugeza kuri 1 kuri miliyoni 100. Iyo imiti imwe cyangwa imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora ikoreshwa buri gihe, abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara baricwa ariko abantu badashobora kurwanya indwara ntibagire icyo batwara kandi batanga imbuto. Iyo igitutu cyo guhitamo kikomeje mu bisekuru byinshi, ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima bidashobora kurwanya indwara buzaba bugize umubare munini w’abaturage. Icyo gihe, kurwanya ibyatsi bibi byemewe ntibishobora kuboneka hakoreshejwe umuti cyangwa imiti yica udukoko runaka.

Igice kimwe cy'ingenzi mu ngamba zo gucunga imiti kugira ngo hirindwe impinduka mu kurwanya imiti yica udukoko ni uguhinduranya imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora. Ntugashyire imiti yica udukoko mu cyiciro cy’ibihingwa bibiri bikurikirana. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ntugakoreshe imiti yica udukoko mu cyiciro cy’ibihingwa bibiri bikurikirana. Ntugakoreshe imiti yica udukoko mu cyiciro cy’ibihingwa bibiri bikurikirana. Imiti yica udukoko mu cyiciro cy’ibihingwa bike igomba guhitamo igihe izagenzura ubwoko bw’imiti. Imiti ivanze cyangwa imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora akenshi ifatwa nk'ibice bigize ingamba zo kurwanya indwara. Iyo ibice by’imiti ivanze cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bitoranijwe neza, iyi ngamba ishobora gufasha cyane mu gutinza impinduka mu kurwanya indwara. Ikibabaje ni uko byinshi mu bisabwa mu kuvanga imiti cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kugira ngo hirindwe kurwanya indwara bidahuye n’imiti ikoreshwa kenshi. Kugira ngo igire ingaruka nziza mu gukumira impinduka mu kurwanya indwara, imiti yica udukoko yombi ikoreshwa mu buryo bumwe cyangwa mu miti ivanze mu miti igomba kugira uburyo bumwe bwo kugenzura kandi igomba kugira uburambe bumwe.

Uko bishoboka kose, shyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi bitari imiti ikoreshwa mu buhinzi. Bika inyandiko nziza z'ikoreshwa ry'imiti muri buri murima kugira ngo uzayikoreshe mu gihe kizaza.

Gutahura ibyatsi bibi birwanya imiti. Ibyinshi mu bibazo byo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi ntibiterwa no kudakoresha imiti yica ibyatsi. Mbere yo gutekereza ko ibyatsi bibi bidashobora gukoreshwa mu gutera imiti yica ibyatsi, kuraho ibindi bintu byose bishobora gutuma imiti yica ibyatsi idashobora gukoreshwa neza. Impamvu zishobora gutuma imiti yica ibyatsi inanirwa zirimo nko gukoresha nabi (nk'umuvuduko uhagije, gutwikira nabi, kuyishyiramo nabi, cyangwa kutagira inyongeramusaruro); ikirere kibi kugira ngo imiti yica ibyatsi ikore neza; igihe kitari cyiza cyo gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi (cyane cyane, gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi nyuma yo kumera nyuma y'uko ibyatsi bibi binini cyane ku buryo bitagengwa neza); n'ibyatsi bibi bivuka nyuma yo gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi isanzwe.

Izindi mpamvu zose zishobora gutera uburibwe bukabije zimaze gukurwaho, ibi bikurikira bishobora kugaragaza ko hari ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima birwanya uburibwe: (1) ubwoko bwose busanzwe bugenzurwa n’uburibwe uretse bumwe bugenzurwa neza; (2) ibimera bizima by’ubwoko buvugwa biba biri mu bimera by’ubwoko bumwe byishwe; (3) ubwoko butari bugenzurwa bukunze kwibasirwa cyane n’uburibwe buvugwa; na (4) ubwo bwoko bufite amateka yo gukoresha cyane uburibwe buvugwa cyangwa imiti yica udukoko ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukora. Niba bikekwa ko budashobora kurwanya, hagarika gukoresha uburibwe buvugwa n’ubundi buryo bumwe bwo gukora.