Ingaruka za IRS zikoreshwa muri pirimiphos-methyl ku ikwirakwira rya malariya no ku bwiyongere bwayo mu rwego rwo kurwanya indwara ya pyrethroid mu Karere ka Koulikoro, Ikinyamakuru cya Malariya ku Malariya |

Igipimo rusange cy’ubwandu bwa malariya mu bana bari hagati y’amezi 6 n’imyaka 10 cyari 2.7 ku bantu 100 mu karere ka IRS na 6.8 ku bantu 100 mu karere kagenzurwaga. Ariko, nta tandukaniro rigaragara mu kwandura malariya hagati y’aho hantu habiri mu mezi abiri ya mbere (Nyakanga-Kanama) na nyuma y’igihe cy’imvura (Ukuboza-Gashyantare) (reba Ishusho ya 4).
Imirongo yo kurokoka kwa Kaplan-Meier ku bana bari hagati y'umwaka 1 na 10 mu gace kakoreweho ubushakashatsi nyuma y'amezi 8 bakurikiranwa
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagereranije ikwirakwira rya malariya n'ubwiyongere bwayo mu turere tubiri hakoreshejwe ingamba zihuriweho zo kurwanya malariya kugira ngo harebwe ingaruka z'inyongera za IRS. Amakuru yakusanyijwe mu turere tubiri binyuze mu bushakashatsi bubiri bukorerwa mu byiciro bitandukanye ndetse n'ubushakashatsi bw'amezi 9 ku mavuriro nderabuzima. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bukorerwa mu byiciro bitandukanye mu ntangiriro no mu mpera z'igihembwe cy'ikwirakwizwa rya malariya byagaragaje ko parasitaemia ya malariya yari hasi cyane mu karere ka IRS (LLTID + IRS) ugereranyije no mu karere kagenzurwa (LLTIN gusa). Kubera ko utu turere twombi dusa mu bijyanye n'icyorezo cya malariya no mu bikorwa byayo, iri tandukaniro rishobora gusobanurwa n'agaciro kiyongereyeho ka IRS mu karere ka IRS. Mu by'ukuri, inzitiramibu zimara igihe kirekire na IRS bizwiho kugabanya cyane uburemere bwa malariya iyo zikoreshejwe zonyine. Bityo, ubushakashatsi bwinshi [7, 21, 23, 24, 25] buvuga ko guhuza kwabyo bizatuma umubare wa malariya ugabanuka cyane kurusha uko byombi byakoreshejwe. Nubwo IRS yakoreshejwe, Plasmodium parasitaemia iriyongera kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza mu mpera z'igihe cy'imvura mu turere twanduye malariya mu bihe bitandukanye, kandi iyi gahunda yitezweho kuzamuka mu mpera z'igihe cy'imvura. Ariko, ukwiyongera mu gace ka IRS (53.0%) kwari hasi cyane ugereranyije n’ako mu gace kagenzurwaga (220.0%). Imyaka icyenda y’ubukangurambaga bwa IRS yakurikiranye nta gushidikanya ko byafashije kugabanya cyangwa kugabanya umubare w’ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo mu turere twa IRS. Byongeye kandi, nta tandukaniro ryari riri mu gipimo cya gametophyte hagati y’utwo duce twombi mu ntangiriro. Mu mpera z’igihe cy’imvura, byari hejuru cyane mu gace kagenzurwaga (11.5%) ugereranyije n’ako mu gace ka IRS (3.2%). Ibi bisobanuye igice cy’ubwiyongere bw’udukoko twa malariya mu karere ka IRS, kubera ko igipimo cya gametocyte gishobora kuba isoko y’ubwandu bw’umubu butera kwandura malariya.
Ibisubizo by’isesengura rya logistic regression bigaragaza ibyago nyabyo bifitanye isano n’ubwandu bwa malariya mu gace kagenzurwa kandi bigaragaza ko isano iri hagati y’umuriro n’indwara ziterwa n’udukoko ikabije kandi ko kubura amaraso ari ikintu giteye urujijo.
Kimwe no mu ndwara ziterwa na parasitaemia, ubwandu bwa malariya mu bana bari hagati y’imyaka 0-10 bwari buke cyane muri IRS ugereranije no mu turere twagenzuwe. Ubwandu bwa kera bwagaragaye mu turere twombi, ariko bwari buke cyane muri IRS ugereranyije no mu gace kagenzuwe (Ishusho ya 3). Mu by’ukuri, nubwo imiti yica udukoko imara imyaka igera kuri 3 muri LLIN, imara amezi agera kuri 6 muri IRS. Kubwibyo, ubukangurambaga bwa IRS bukorwa buri mwaka kugira ngo bupime ubwandu bwakwirakwiriye. Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ingero za Kaplan-Meier zo kubaho (Ishusho ya 4), abana batuye mu turere twa IRS bari bafite abarwayi bake ba malariya ugereranyije n’abo mu turere twagenzuwe. Ibi bihuye n’ubundi bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubwandu bwa malariya bwagabanutse cyane iyo IRS yagutse ihujwe n’ubundi buryo bwo kuyirinda. Ariko, igihe gito cyo kwirinda ingaruka za IRS kigaragaza ko iyi ngamba ishobora gukenera kunozwa hakoreshejwe imiti yica udukoko imara igihe kirekire cyangwa kongera inshuro zo kuyikoresha buri mwaka.
Itandukaniro mu kugaragara kw'indwara yo kubura amaraso hagati y'ibigo bigenzura, hagati y'abantu bafite imyaka itandukanye, ndetse n'abafite umuriro n'abatawufite rishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyiza cy'ingamba zakoreshejwe.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko pirimiphos-methyl IRS ishobora kugabanya cyane ikwirakwira n’ubwiyongere bwa malariya mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka 10 mu gace ka Koulikoro karwanya pyrethroid, kandi ko abana batuye mu turere twa IRS bashobora kurwara malariya kandi bagakomeza kubaho igihe kirekire muri ako gace. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko pirimiphos-methyl ari umuti wica udukoko ukwiriye mu kurwanya malariya mu turere tugaragaramo ubudahangarwa bwa pyrethroid.