Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) ni imwe mu ntego z'ingenzi zo guteza imbere ubwoko bushya bw'ibimera, ikaba ari yo igize igice kinini cy'isoko. Kubera ko ubu bwoko bw'ibimera bukora cyane cyane kuri chlorophyll kandi bukaba bufite uburozi buke ku nyamaswa, ubu bwoko bw'ibimera bufite imiterere yo gukora neza cyane, uburozi buke kandi bufite umutekano muke.
Inyamaswa, ibimera, bagiteri n'ibihumyo byose birimo protoporphyrinogen oxidase, itera protoporphyrinogen IX kuri protoporphyrin IX bitewe n'umwuka wa ogisijeni, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ni enzyme ya nyuma ikoreshwa mu gukora tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, ahanini ikora heme ya ferrous na chlorophyll. Mu bimera, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ifite isoenzymes ebyiri, ziherereye muri mitochondria na chloroplasts. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors ni imiti ikomeye yo kurwanya ibyatsi, ishobora kugera ku ntego yo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi cyane cyane ibuza ikorwa ry'ibimera, kandi ikagira igihe gito gisigaye mu butaka, ibyo bikaba bitangiza imyaka ikurikiraho. Ubwoko bushya bw'iyi miti bufite imiterere yo guhitamo, gukora cyane, uburozi buke kandi ntibyoroshye kuyikusanya mu bidukikije.
Imiti igabanya ubukana bwa PPO y'ubwoko bw'ibimera by'ingenzi
1. Imiti yica udukoko ya Diphenyl ether
Amwe mu moko ya vuba aha ya PPO
3.1 Izina rya ISO saflufenacil ryabonetse mu 2007 - BASF, patenti yarangiye mu 2021.
Mu 2009, benzochlor yanditswe bwa mbere muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, igurishwa mu 2010. Ubu Benzochlor yanditswe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada, Ubushinwa, Nikaragwa, Shili, Arijantine, Burezili na Ositaraliya. Kuri ubu, ibigo byinshi mu Bushinwa biri mu nzira yo kwiyandikisha.
3.2 Yatsindiye izina rya ISO tiafenacil mu 2013 kandi patenti irarangira mu 2029.
Mu 2018, ester ya flursulfuryl yatangijwe bwa mbere muri Koreya y'Epfo; mu 2019, yatangijwe muri Sri Lanka, ifungura urugendo rwo kwamamaza iki gicuruzwa ku masoko yo mu mahanga. Kuri ubu, ester ya flursulfuryl nayo yanditswe muri Ositaraliya, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada, Brezili n'ibindi bihugu, kandi yanditswe mu yandi masoko akomeye.
3.3 Izina rya ISO trifludimoxazin (trifluoxazin) ryabonetse mu 2014 kandi patenti irarangira mu 2030.
Ku ya 28 Gicurasi 2020, umuti w’umwimerere wa trifluoxazine wanditswe muri Ositaraliya ku nshuro ya mbere ku isi, kandi inzira yo gucuruza trifluoxazine ku isi yateye imbere cyane, kandi ku ya 1 Nyakanga uwo mwaka, umusaruro wa BASF (125.0g /L tricfluoxazine + 250.0g /L benzosulfuramide suspension) nawo wemejwe kwiyandikisha muri Ositaraliya.
3.4 Izina rya ISO cyclopyranil ryabonetse mu 2017 - patenti irangira mu 2034.
Isosiyete y’Abayapani yasabye patenti y’i Burayi (EP3031806) ku kintu rusange, harimo n’ikintu cya cyclopyranil, maze itanga icyifuzo cya PCT, igitabo mpuzamahanga No. WO2015020156A1, cyo ku ya 7 Kanama 2014. Patenti yemerewe mu Bushinwa, Ositaraliya, Brezili, Ubutaliyani, Ubuyapani, Koreya y’Epfo, Uburusiya, na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
3.5 epyrifenacil yahawe izina rya ISO mu 2020
Epyrifenacil broad spectrum, ingaruka zihuse, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bigori, ingano, sayiri, umuceri, amasaka, soya, ipamba, isukari, ubunyobwa, ibihwagari, rape, indabyo, ibimera by'imitako, imboga, kugira ngo hirindwe ibyatsi byinshi by'amababi manini n'ibyatsi bibi, nka setae, ubwatsi bw'inka, ubwatsi bw'ibihuru, ubwatsi bw'ingano, ubwatsi bw'umurizo n'ibindi.
ISO 3.6 yitwa flufenoximacil (Flufenoximacil) mu 2022
Fluridine ni umuti w’ibyatsi ubuza PPO gutera ibyatsi bibi byinshi, utera vuba, utanga umusaruro ku munsi umwe wo gukoresha, kandi utuma ibihingwa bikurikira birushaho kuba byiza. Byongeye kandi, fluridine ifite imbaraga nyinshi, igabanya ingano y’ibintu bikora ku miti yica udukoko kugeza ku gipimo cya garama, ibyo bikaba bitangiza ibidukikije.
Muri Mata 2022, fluridine yanditswe muri Kamboje, ikaba ari yo ya mbere yashyizwe ku rutonde rwayo ku isi yose. Igicuruzwa cya mbere kirimo iki kintu cy'ingenzi kizashyirwa ku rutonde mu Bushinwa ku izina ry'ubucuruzi "Fast as the wind".
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-26-2024