DEETni imwe mu miti mike yirukana udukoko yagaragaye ko ikora neza mu kurwanya imibu, udukoko, n'utundi dukoko duto. Ariko se ukurikije imbaraga z'iyi miti, DEET ifite umutekano ungana iki ku bantu?
DEET, abahanga mu bya shimi bita N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, iboneka mu bicuruzwa bigera ku 120 byanditswe mu Kigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Amerika (EPA). Ibi bicuruzwa birimo imiti yica udukoko, imiti itera imiti, amavuta yo kwisiga, n'amavuta yo kwihanagura.
Kuva DEET yatangira gushyirwa ahagaragara mu 1957, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyakoze isuzuma rirambuye ry’umutekano wabyo ku bijyanye n’ubutabire.
Ariko Bethany Huelskoetter, APRN, DNP, umuganga w’umuryango muri OSF Healthcare, avuga ko abarwayi bamwe birinda ibi bicuruzwa, bagahitamo ibyagurishwa nk' "ibisanzwe" cyangwa "ibikomoka ku bimera."
Nubwo iyi miti ikoreshwa mu kwirukana imiti ishobora kugurishwa nk'aho idahumanya cyane, ingaruka zayo muri rusange ntiziramba nka DEET.
"Hari igihe bidashoboka kwirinda imiti yica imiti ikoresheje imiti. DEET ni umuti wica udukoko ukomeye cyane. Mu miti yose ikoreshwa ku isoko, DEET ni yo ifite agaciro gakomeye ugereranyije n'amafaranga," Huelskoetter yabwiye Verywell.
Koresha umuti wica udukoko kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kuribwa no kumererwa nabi bitewe no kurumwa n'udukoko. Ariko kandi bishobora kuba ingamba zo kwirinda indwara: Abantu bagera kuri kimwe cya kabiri cya miliyoni barwara indwara ya Lyme buri mwaka nyuma yo kurumwa n'udukoko, kandi abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 7 bamaze kurwara iyi ndwara kuva virusi ya West Nile ikwirakwizwa n'umubu yagaragaye muri Amerika mu 1999. Abantu banduye iyi virusi.
Nk’uko raporo za Consumer zibivuga, DEET ihora ifatwa nk’ikintu gikora neza cyane mu miti yica udukoko ku kigero cya nibura 25%. Muri rusange, uko DEET yiyongera mu gicuruzwa, niko ingaruka zo kurinda zimara igihe kirekire.
Izindi miti zirukana indwara zirimo picaridin, permethrin, na PMD (amavuta y'indimu ya eucalyptus).
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2023 bwagaragaje ko amavuta 20 y’ingenzi adakunze kumara igihe kirenze isaha n’igice, kandi amwe akabura imbaraga nyuma y’umunota umwe. Ugereranije, DEET ishobora kwirukana imibu nibura amasaha 6.
Nk’uko Ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibintu bihumanya n’indwara (ATSDR) kibitangaza, ingaruka mbi zituruka kuri DEET ntizikunze kubaho. Muri raporo yo mu 2017, iki kigo cyavuze ko 88 ku ijana by’ibyagaragaye mu bigo bigenzura uburozi bya DEET bitagaragaje ibimenyetso bisaba kuvurwa n’urwego rw’ubuzima. Hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abantu nta ngaruka mbi bahuye nazo, kandi abenshi mu basigaye bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje gusa, nko gusinzira, kurakara k’uruhu, cyangwa inkorora y’igihe gito, byahise bishira vuba.
Ingaruka zikomeye kuri DEET zikunze gutera ibimenyetso by'imitsi nko gucika intege, kudakora neza kw'imitsi, imyitwarire ikaze, no kutabasha gutekereza neza.
Raporo ya ATSDR yagize iti: “Ukurikije ko abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bakoresha DEET buri mwaka, hari raporo nke cyane zigaragaza ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima ziva mu gukoresha DEET.”
Ushobora kandi kwirinda kurumwa n'udukoko wambaye amaboko maremare kandi ugasukura cyangwa ukirinda ahantu hose hororokera udukoko, nko mu mazi ahagaze, mu busitani bwawe, n'ahandi ujya.
Niba uhisemo gukoresha umuti urimo DEET, kurikiza amabwiriza ari ku kirango cy'umuti. Dukurikije Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara, ugomba gukoresha DEET nkeya ikenewe kugira ngo ukomeze kurinda - nturenze 50%.
Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo guhumeka imiti yica udukoko, CDC isaba gukoresha imiti yica udukoko ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza aho gukoresha ahantu hafunze. Kugira ngo ushyire ku maso, shyira umuti ku biganza byawe hanyuma uwusige ku maso.
Yongeraho ati: “Ushaka ko uruhu rwawe rushobora guhumeka nyuma yo kurusiga, kandi iyo uhumeka neza ntuzagira ububabare ku ruhu.”
DEET ni nziza ku bana, ariko Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara gisaba abana bari munsi y'imyaka 10 kutisiga imiti yica udukoko. Abana bari munsi y'amezi abiri ntibagomba gukoresha imiti irimo DEET.
Ni ngombwa guhamagara ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya uburozi ako kanya niba uhumeka cyangwa umira umuti urimo DEET, cyangwa niba umuti ugeze mu maso yawe.
Niba ushaka uburyo bwizewe bwo kurwanya udukoko, cyane cyane mu turere dukunze kugaragaramo imibu n'udusimba, DEET ni uburyo bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro (igihe cyose bukoreshejwe hakurikijwe icyapa cyabyo). Ubundi buryo karemano bushobora kudatanga uburinzi bumwe, bityo tekereza ku bidukikije n'ibyago byo kurwara indwara ziterwa n'udukoko mu gihe uhitamo umuti wica udukoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-03-2024