Inzitiramubu n'indwara ziterwa n'umubu ni ikibazo gikomeje kwiyongera ku isi. Ibikomoka ku bimera hamwe na / cyangwa amavuta birashobora gukoreshwa nkuburyo bwica udukoko twangiza udukoko. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, amavuta 32 (kuri 1000 ppm) yapimwe kubikorwa byabo bya larvicidal kurwanya livre ya kane ya Culex pipiens kandi amavuta meza yasuzumwe kubikorwa byabantu bakuze kandi asesengurwa na gazi chromatografiya-mass spectrometrie (GC-MS) hamwe na chromatografiya ikora cyane (HPLC).
Umubu ni anudukoko twa kera,n'indwara ziterwa n'umubu ni ikibazo cyugarije ubuzima bw'isi, kibangamira abarenga 40% by'abatuye isi. Bigereranijwe ko mu 2050, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abatuye isi bazaba bafite ibyago byo kwandura virusi. 1 Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) ni umubu ukwirakwiza indwara zitera akaga gakomeye kandi rimwe na rimwe urupfu mu bantu no ku nyamaswa.
Kurwanya Vector nuburyo bwibanze bwo kugabanya impungenge zabaturage ku ndwara ziterwa n’umubu. Kurwanya imibu ikuze nini nini yica udukoko hamwe nudukoko twica udukoko nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kugabanya inzitiramubu. Gukoresha imiti yica udukoko twangiza bishobora gutera imiti yica udukoko, kwanduza ibidukikije, hamwe n’ingaruka z’ubuzima ku bantu no ku binyabuzima bidafite intego.
Hano harakenewe byihutirwa gushakisha ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije kubintu bishingiye ku bimera nkamavuta yingenzi (EOs). Amavuta yingenzi nibintu bihindagurika biboneka mumiryango myinshi yibimera nka Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, na Cupressaceae14. Amavuta yingenzi arimo uruvange runini rwimvange nka fenol, sesquiterpène, na monoterpène15.
Amavuta yingenzi afite antibacterial, antiviral na antifungal. Zifite kandi imiti yica udukoko kandi zirashobora gutera ingaruka za neurotoxique zibangamira imikorere ya physiologique, metabolic, imyitwarire na biohimiki yudukoko mugihe amavuta yingenzi ahumeka, yinjiye cyangwa yinjizwa muruhu16. Amavuta yingenzi arashobora gukoreshwa nkudukoko, udukoko, imiti yica udukoko. Ntibifite uburozi, ibinyabuzima kandi birashobora gutsinda udukoko twica udukoko.
Amavuta yingenzi aragenda akundwa cyane mubakora ibihingwa ngengabukungu hamwe n’abaguzi bangiza ibidukikije kandi birakwiriye mu mijyi, amazu ndetse n’ahandi hantu hita ku bidukikije.
Uruhare rwamavuta yingenzi mukurwanya imibu rwaganiriweho15,19. Icyari kigamijwe muri ubu bushakashatsi kwari ugusuzuma no gusuzuma indangagaciro zica zica amavuta 32 yingenzi no gusesengura ibikorwa bya adenocidal na phytochemicals yamavuta yingirakamaro cyane kurwanya Culex pipiens.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, An. graveolens hamwe na V. odorata amavuta wasangaga aribyiza cyane kubantu bakuru, hagakurikiraho T. vulgaris na N. sativa. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko Anopheles vulgare ari larvicide ikomeye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, amavuta yacyo ashobora kugenzura Anopheles atroparvus, Culex quinquefasciatus na Aedes aegypti. Nubwo Anopheles vulgaris yerekanye akamaro ka larvicide muri ubu bushakashatsi, ntabwo byagize ingaruka nziza kubantu bakuru. Ibinyuranye, ifite imiterere ya adenocidal irwanya Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Amakuru yacu yerekana ko Anopheles sinensis ikora cyane nkumwicanyi wica ariko ntigikora nkumwicanyi mukuru. Ibinyuranye na byo, imiti ikomoka kuri Anopheles sinensis yangaga cyane liswi ndetse n’abantu bakuru ba Culex pipiens, hamwe n’uburinzi bukabije (100%) bwo kwirinda inzitiramubu z’abagore zidakorwa ku kigero cya 6 mg / cm2. Byongeye kandi, ibibabi byacyo byerekanaga ibikorwa bya larvicidal kurwanya Anopheles arabiensis na Anopheles gambiae (ss).
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, thime (An. Graveolens) yerekanye ibikorwa bikomeye bya larvicidal na adulticidal. Muri ubwo buryo, thime yerekanaga ibikorwa bya larvicidal kurwanya Cx. quinquefasciatus28 na Aedes aegypti29. Thyme yerekanye ibikorwa bya larvicidal kuri Culex pipiens larvae kuri 200 ppm yibanda hamwe nimpfu 100% mugihe indangagaciro za LC25 na LC50 zerekanye ko zitagize ingaruka kubikorwa bya acetylcholinesterase (AChE) no gukora sisitemu yo kwangiza, kongera ibikorwa bya GST no kugabanya GSH 30%.
Amwe mumavuta yingenzi yakoreshejwe murubwo bushakashatsi yerekanaga ibikorwa bya larvicidal kurwanya Culex pipiens larvae nka N. sativa32,33 na S. officinalis34. Amavuta amwe yingenzi nka T. vulgaris, S. officinalis, C. sempervirens na A. graveolens yerekanye ibikorwa bya livicidal kurwanya inzitiramubu zifite LC90 zifite agaciro katarenze 200-300 ppm. Igisubizo gishobora guterwa nimpamvu nyinshi zirimo ko ijanisha ryibigize nyamukuru ritandukana bitewe ninkomoko yamavuta yibimera, ubwiza bwamavuta, ibyiyumvo byingutu zikoreshwa, uburyo bwo kubika amavuta nuburyo bwa tekiniki.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, turmeric ntiyagize icyo ikora, ariko ibice 27 byayo nka curcumin na monocarbonyl ikomoka kuri curcumin yerekanaga ibikorwa bya larvicidal kurwanya Culex pipiens na Aedes albopictus43, hamwe na hexane ivamo turmeric yibanda kuri ppm 1000 kumasaha 2444 iracyerekana ibikorwa 100% bya larvicidal kurwanya Culex pipiens na Aedes albopictus.
Ingaruka nk'izi za larvicidal zavuzwe ku bivamo hexane ya rozemari (80 na 160 ppm), byagabanije impfu ku 100% mu cyiciro cya 3 n'icya 4 Culex pipiens larvae kandi byongera uburozi bwa 50% muri pupae n'abantu bakuru.
Isesengura rya phytochemiki muri ubu bushakashatsi ryerekanye ibice byingenzi bigize amavuta yasesenguwe. Amavuta yicyayi kibisi ni liviside ikora neza kandi irimo polifenol nyinshi hamwe nibikorwa bya antioxydeant, nkuko bigaragara muri ubu bushakashatsi. Ibisubizo nkibi byabonetse59. Amakuru yacu yerekana ko amavuta yicyayi kibisi arimo na polifenol nka acide gallic, catechins, methyl gallate, acide cafeque, acide coumaric, naringenin, na kaempferol, bishobora kugira uruhare mukwangiza udukoko twica udukoko.
Isesengura ryibinyabuzima ryerekanye ko Rhodiola rosea amavuta yingenzi agira ingaruka kubigega byingufu, cyane cyane proteyine na lipide30. Itandukaniro riri hagati y ibisubizo byacu nubundi bushakashatsi rishobora guterwa nigikorwa cyibinyabuzima hamwe n’ibigize imiti y’amavuta yingenzi, bishobora gutandukana bitewe nimyaka yikimera, imiterere yinyama, inkomoko ya geografiya, ibice bikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gusya, ubwoko bwa distillation, hamwe nimbuto. Rero, ubwoko nibirimo bigize ingirakamaro muri buri mavuta yingenzi birashobora gutera itandukaniro mubushobozi bwabo bwo kurwanya ibibi16.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-13-2025