Umuti wica udukoko-inzitiramubu zakozwe neza ningamba zihenze zo kurwanya malariya kandi igomba kuvurwa nudukoko kandi ikajugunywa buri gihe. Ibi bivuze ko inzitiramubu zivuwe nudukoko ari uburyo bwiza cyane mubice byiganjemo malariya. Raporo y’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi mu 2020, ivuga ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abatuye isi bafite ibyago byo kurwara malariya, aho usanga abantu benshi bapfa ndetse n’impfu bibera muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, harimo na Etiyopiya. Icyakora, umubare munini w’abantu bapfuye n’impfu byagaragaye no mu turere twa OMS nko mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, mu burasirazuba bwa Mediterane, mu burengerazuba bwa pasifika no muri Amerika.
Malariya ni indwara yanduza ubuzima yatewe na parasite yanduza abantu binyuze mu kurumwa n'umubu w’umugore witwa Anopheles wanduye. Iri terabwoba ridahwema kwerekana ko hakenewe byihutirwa imbaraga z’ubuzima rusange mu kurwanya indwara.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gukoresha ITN bishobora kugabanya cyane indwara ya malariya, ibigereranyo bikaba kuva kuri 45% kugeza kuri 50%.
Ariko, kwiyongera kuruma hanze bitera ibibazo bishobora guhungabanya imikorere yo gukoresha neza ITN. Gukemura ikibazo cyo kuruma hanze ni ngombwa kugirango turusheho kugabanya kwandura malariya no kuzamura ubuzima rusange muri rusange. Ihinduka ryimyitwarire rishobora kuba igisubizo cyumuvuduko watoranijwe ukorwa na ITNs, yibanda cyane cyane mubidukikije. Ubwiyongere bw'inzitiramubu zo hanze bwerekana ubushobozi bwo kwandura malariya yo hanze, byerekana ko hakenewe ingamba zo kurwanya indwara zo hanze. Ni yo mpamvu, ibihugu byinshi byanduye malariya bifite politiki ishyigikira ikoreshwa rya ITN ku isi hose mu kurwanya udukoko two hanze, nyamara umubare w’abaturage baryamye munsi y’inzitiramubu muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara wagereranijwe ko ari 55% muri 2015. 5.24
Twakoze ubushakashatsi bushingiye ku baturage kugira ngo tumenye ikoreshwa ry’inzitiramubu zivura udukoko hamwe n’ibintu bifitanye isano na yo muri Kanama - Nzeri 2021.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Pawi wearda, kamwe mu turere turindwi two mu Ntara ya Metekel muri Leta ya Benishangul-Gumuz. Intara ya Pawi iherereye muri Leta ya Benishangul-Gumuz, km 550 mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Addis Abeba na kilometero 420 mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Assosa.
Icyitegererezo kuri ubu bushakashatsi cyarimo umukuru wurugo cyangwa umuntu wese wo murugo ufite imyaka 18 cyangwa irenga wabaga murugo byibuze amezi 6.
Ababajijwe bari barembye cyane cyangwa bakomeye kandi badashobora kuvugana mugihe cyo gukusanya amakuru ntibashyizwe ku cyitegererezo.
Ibikoresho: Amakuru yakusanyijwe hifashishijwe ibibazo byabajijwe ibibazo byabajijwe hamwe nurutonde rwindorerezi rwakozwe rushingiye kubushakashatsi bwatangajwe hamwe na bimwe byahinduwe31. Ikibazo cyubushakashatsi cyari kigizwe nibice bitanu: ibiranga imibereho-demokarasi, imikoreshereze nubumenyi bwa ICH, imiterere yumuryango nubunini, hamwe numuntu / imyitwarire, yagenewe gukusanya amakuru yibanze kubitabiriye. Kugenzura urutonde rufite uburyo bwo kuzenguruka ibyakozwe. Yometse kuri buri kibazo cyurugo kugirango abakozi bo murwego bashobore kugenzura ibyo babonye bitabangamiye ikiganiro. Nk’imyitwarire myiza, twavuze ko ubushakashatsi bwacu bwitabiriwe n’abantu kandi ubushakashatsi burimo abitabiriye amahugurwa bugomba kuba bukurikije Itangazo rya Helsinki. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ikigo gishinzwe isuzuma ry’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuvuzi n’ubumenyi bw’ubuzima, kaminuza ya Bahir Dar yemeje inzira zose zirimo ibisobanuro byose byakozwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza n'amabwiriza abigenga kandi uruhushya rwamenyeshejwe rwabonetse ku bitabiriye amahugurwa bose.
Kugirango tumenye neza amakuru mubyigisho byacu, twashyize mubikorwa ingamba zingenzi. Ubwa mbere, abakusanya amakuru bahuguwe neza kugirango basobanukirwe intego zubushakashatsi nibiri mubibazo kugirango bagabanye amakosa. Mbere yo gushyira mubikorwa byuzuye, twagerageje kubaza ibibazo kugirango tumenye kandi dukemure ibibazo byose. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukusanya amakuru kugirango habeho guhuzagurika, kandi hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukurikirana buri gihe bwo kugenzura abakozi bo mu murima no kwemeza ko protocole yakurikijwe. Kugenzura agaciro byashyizwe mubibazo kugirango bikurikirane ibisubizo byumvikana. Ibyinjijwe kabiri byakoreshejwe muburyo bwo kubara kugirango hagabanuke amakosa yinjira, kandi amakuru yakusanyirijwe hamwe buri gihe kugirango harebwe niba byuzuye kandi byuzuye. Twongeyeho, twashyizeho uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo kubakusanya amakuru kugirango tunoze inzira kandi tumenye imyitwarire myiza, dufasha kongera ikizere abitabiriye no kunoza ireme ryibisubizo.
Hanyuma, ibintu byinshi byasubiwemo byakoreshejwe kugirango hamenyekane abahanura ibizagerwaho kandi bahindure kubana. Ibyiza byo guhuza binary logistic regression moderi yageragejwe hakoreshejwe ikizamini cya Hosmer na Lemeshow. Kubizamini byose byibarurishamibare, P agaciro <0.05 byafatwaga nkibice byo guhagarika ibisobanuro bifatika. Multicollinearite yibihinduka byigenga yasuzumwe hifashishijwe kwihanganira no gutandukanya ibiciro (VIF). COR, AOR, na 95% intera intera yakoreshejwe kugirango hamenyekane imbaraga zo guhuza hagati yigenga ibyiciro byigenga na binary biterwa nimpinduka.
Kumenya ikoreshwa ry'inzitiramubu zivura udukoko muri Parweredas, mu karere ka Benishangul-Gumuz, mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Etiyopiya
Inzitiramubu zivura udukoko twabaye igikoresho cyingenzi cyo kwirinda malariya mu turere tw’icyorezo nka Pawi County. N’ubwo Minisiteri y’ubuzima ya Etiyopiya yashyizeho ingufu nyinshi mu rwego rwo kwagura ikoreshwa ry’inzitiramubu zivura udukoko, inzitizi zo kuzikoresha ziracyahari.
Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, hashobora kubaho kutumvikana cyangwa kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’urushundura rwica udukoko, bigatuma umubare muto wo gufata. Uturere tumwe na tumwe dushobora guhura n’ibibazo byihariye nkamakimbirane, kwimurwa cyangwa ubukene bukabije bushobora kugabanya cyane gukwirakwiza no gukoresha inshundura zica udukoko, nk’akarere ka Benishangul-Gumuz-Metekel.
Uku kunyuranya gushobora guterwa nimpamvu nyinshi, zirimo intera iri hagati yubushakashatsi (ugereranije, imyaka itandatu), itandukaniro mubukangurambaga nuburere bujyanye no kwirinda malariya, no gutandukanya uturere mubikorwa byo kwamamaza. Gukoresha ITN muri rusange ni hejuru mubice bifite uburezi bwiza nibikorwa remezo byubuzima. Byongeye kandi, imigenzo gakondo n’umuco birashobora kugira ingaruka ku kwemererwa gukoresha uburiri. Kubera ko ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bice bya malariya bifite ibikorwa remezo byiza by’ubuzima no gukwirakwiza ITN, kuboneka no kubona inshundura zo kuryama birashobora kuba byinshi ugereranije n’ahantu hakoreshwa bike.
Ihuriro hagati yimyaka no gukoresha ITN rishobora guterwa nimpamvu nyinshi: urubyiruko rukunda gukoresha ITN kenshi kuko bumva bafite inshingano zubuzima bwabana babo. Byongeye kandi, ubukangurambaga bw’ubuzima buherutse kwibasira abakiri bato, bukangurira abantu kwirinda malariya. Ingaruka mbonezamubano, harimo urungano hamwe nibikorwa byabaturage, zishobora no kugira uruhare, kuko urubyiruko rukunda kwakira inama nshya zubuzima.
Byongeye kandi, bakunda kubona neza umutungo kandi akenshi bafite ubushake bwo gukoresha imikorere nubuhanga bushya, bigatuma bishoboka cyane ko bazakoresha IPO ku buryo buhoraho.
Ibi birashobora kuba kubera ko uburezi bujyanye nibintu byinshi bifitanye isano. Abantu bafite amashuri makuru bakunze kubona amakuru neza no kumva neza akamaro ka ITN mugukumira malariya. Bakunda kugira urwego rwisumbuye rwo gusoma no kwandika, bikabafasha gusobanura neza amakuru yubuzima no gukorana nabashinzwe ubuzima. Byongeye kandi, uburezi akenshi bujyana no kuzamura imibereho myiza yubukungu, biha abantu ibikoresho byo kubona no kubungabunga ITN. Abantu bize kandi birashoboka cyane ko bahakana imyizerere y’umuco, bakakira neza tekinoloji nshya y’ubuzima, kandi bakitabira imyitwarire myiza y’ubuzima, bityo bikagira ingaruka nziza ku ikoreshwa rya ITN na bagenzi babo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-12-2025