Ubushobozi bw'imiti yica udukoko mu kurwanya imibu bushobora gutandukana cyane mu bihe bitandukanye by'umunsi, ndetse no hagati y'amanywa na nijoro. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Floride bwagaragaje ko imibu yo mu gasozi ya Aedes aegypti idakira permethrin ari yo yibasirwa cyane n'iyi miti hagati ya saa sita z'ijoro na izuba riva. Ubudahangarwa bwakomeje kwiyongera umunsi wose, aho imibu yabaga ikora cyane, ikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mugoroba no mu gice cya mbere cy'ijoro.
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n'abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Florida (UF) bigira ingaruka zikomeye kurikurwanya udukokoabanyamwuga, bikabaha uburyo bwo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bwiza, kuzigama amafaranga no kugabanya ingaruka zayo ku bidukikije. “Twasanze ingano nini cyane yapermethrine“byari bikenewe kugira ngo hicwe imibu saa kumi n’ebyiri z’umugoroba na saa yine z’ijoro. Aya makuru agaragaza ko permethrine ishobora kugira akamaro kurushaho iyo ikoreshejwe hagati ya saa sita z’ijoro na mu gitondo (saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo) kurusha iyo izuba rirashe (hafi saa kumi n’ebyiri z’umugoroba),” nk’uko byatangajwe na Lt. Sierra Schloop, umwe mu banditsi b’ubushakashatsi. Ubu bushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Journal of Medical Entomology muri Gashyantare. Schloop, umukozi ushinzwe ubuvuzi bw’udukoko mu ishami rya UF Naval Sealift Command, ni umunyeshuri wiga icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bumenyi bw’udukoko muri Kaminuza ya Florida hamwe na Eva Buckner, Ph.D., umwanditsi mukuru w’ubushakashatsi.
Bishobora gusa nkaho ari ibintu bisanzwe ko igihe cyiza cyo gushyira umuti wica udukoko ku mibu ari igihe ushobora gukubita, kunyerera no kuruma, ariko si ko bigenda buri gihe, nibura mu igerageza rya permethrin, imwe mu miti ibiri ikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya imibu muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi. Umubu wa Aedes aegypti uruma cyane cyane ku manywa, haba mu nzu no hanze, kandi ukunda gukora cyane amasaha abiri nyuma y'uko izuba rise n'amasaha make mbere y'uko izuba rirenga. Umucyo w'ubukorano ushobora kongera igihe ushobora kumara mu mwijima.
Umubu witwa Aedes aegypti (uzwi cyane nka umubu urwaye indwara y'umuhondo) uboneka ku migabane yose uretse Antartika kandi ni wo utera virusi zitera chikungunya, dengue, fever y'umuhondo, na Zika. Byagaragaye ko bifitanye isano n'icyorezo cy'indwara nyinshi zikunze kugaragara muri Florida.
Icyakora, Schluep yavuze ko ukuri ku bwoko bumwe bw'umubu muri Florida bishobora kuba atari ukuri ku tundi turere. Ibintu bitandukanye, nko aho umubu uherereye, bishobora gutuma ibisubizo bya genome by'umubu runaka bitandukanye n'ibya Chihuahuas na Great Danes. Kubwibyo, yashimangiye ko ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bireba gusa umubu urwaye kanseri y'umuhondo muri Florida.
Ariko, yavuze ko hari ikintu kimwe kidakwiye kwitabwaho. Ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bishobora gutangwa muri rusange kugira ngo bidufashe gusobanukirwa neza andi moko y’ibinyabuzima.
Isuzuma ry'ingenzi ryavuye muri ubwo bushakashatsi ryagaragaje ko zimwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo zikora imisemburo ihindura imisemburo ya permethrine nazo zagizweho ingaruka n'impinduka mu bushyuhe bw'urumuri mu gihe cy'amasaha 24. Ubu bushakashatsi bwibanze ku ngirabuzimafatizo eshanu gusa, ariko ibisubizo bishobora gusobanurwa ku zindi ngirabuzimafatizo zitari ubwo bushakashatsi.
Schluep yagize ati: “Ukurikije ibyo tuzi kuri izi nzira ndetse n’imiterere y’imibu, ni byiza ko iki gitekerezo cyarenga izi ngirabuzimafatizo n’iyi nyamaswa yo mu gasozi.”
Imikorere cyangwa imikorere y'izi jeni itangira kwiyongera nyuma ya saa munani z'umugoroba, ikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mwijima hagati ya saa kumi n'ebyiri z'umugoroba na saa munani za mu gitondo. Schlup avuga ko muri jeni nyinshi zigize iyi gahunda, eshanu gusa ni zo zakoreweho ubushakashatsi. Avuga ko ibi bishobora kuba biterwa nuko iyo izi jeni zikora cyane, gusohora uburozi bw'umubiri birushaho kwiyongera. Imisemburo ishobora kubikwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma y'uko umusaruro wazo ugabanutse.
Yagize ati: “Gusobanukirwa neza itandukaniro ry’impinduka mu kurwanya udukoko duto duterwa n’imisemburo yo guhumanya ibidukikije muri Aedes aegypti bishobora gutuma imiti yica udukoko ikoreshwa mu buryo bwitondewe mu gihe ubworoherwaga n’imisemburo yo guhumanya ibidukikije iba iri hasi cyane.”
"Impinduka za buri munsi mu buryo bwo kumva permethrin no kugaragaza imiterere y'uturemangingo muri Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) muri Florida"
Ed Ricciuti ni umunyamakuru, umwanditsi, akaba n'umuhanga mu by'ibidukikije umaze imyaka irenga mirongo itanu yandika. Igitabo cye giheruka ni Backyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, Kamena 2014). Ibirenge bye biri ku isi yose. Yibanda ku bidukikije, siyansi, kubungabunga ibidukikije, no kubahiriza amategeko. Yahoze ari umucungamutungo muri New York Zoological Society none ubu akorera ishyirahamwe rishinzwe kubungabunga inyamaswa zo mu gasozi. Ashobora kuba ari we muntu wenyine ku muhanda wa 57 wa Manhattan warumwe n'inyamaswa.
Imibu ya Aedes scapularis yavumbuwe rimwe gusa mbere, mu 1945 muri Florida. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bushya bwakozwe ku ngero z'imibu bwakusanyijwe mu 2020 bwagaragaje ko imibu ya Aedes scapularis ubu imaze kwigaragaza mu turere twa Miami-Dade na Broward ku mugabane wa Florida. [Soma byinshi]
Inyoni zifite umutwe w’inyuma zikomoka muri Amerika yo Hagati n’iy’Epfo kandi ziboneka ahantu habiri gusa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Dania Beach na Pompano Beach, muri Florida. Isesengura rishya ry’uturemangingo tw’iyo miryango yombi ryerekana ko zakomotse ku gitero kimwe. [Soma byinshi]
Nyuma yo kuvumbura ko imibu ishobora kwimuka ikoresheje umuyaga wo mu misozi miremire, ubushakashatsi bukomeje bwongera amoko n'ubwoko bw'imibu ikora muri ubwo bwimukira - ibintu bizagorana mu gukumira ikwirakwira rya malariya n'izindi ndwara ziterwa n'imibu muri Afurika. [Soma byinshi]
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-26-2025