Fata ingamba: Mugihe umubare wibinyugunyugu ugabanuka, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyemerera gukomeza gukoresha imiti yica udukoko twangiza.

Ibibujijwe vuba aha mu Burayi ni ibimenyetso byerekana impungenge zikomeje gukoreshwa mu gukoresha imiti yica udukoko no kugabanuka kw’inzuki.Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyagaragaje imiti yica udukoko irenga 70 yangiza inzuki.Dore ibyiciro byingenzi byimiti yica udukoko bifitanye isano nimpfu zinzuki no kugabanuka kwangiza.
Neonicotinoide Neonicotinoide (neonics) ni icyiciro cy’udukoko twica udukoko dufite uburyo rusange bwibikorwa byibasira sisitemu yo hagati y’udukoko, bitera ubumuga n’urupfu.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibisigazwa bya neonicotinoide bishobora kwirundanyiriza mu mitsi no mu mazi y’ibimera bivuwe, bikaba bishobora guteza ingaruka mbi.Kubera iyi kandi ikoreshwa cyane, hari impungenge zikomeye zuko neonicotinoide igira uruhare runini mukugabanuka kwangiza.
Imiti yica udukoko ya Neonicotinoide nayo ikomeza kuba mu bidukikije kandi, iyo ikoreshejwe nk'ubuvuzi bw'imbuto, yimurirwa mu bisigazwa by'amababi n'ibiti bya nectar by'ibiti bivuwe.Imbuto imwe irahagije kugirango yice inyoni yindirimbo.Iyi miti yica udukoko irashobora kandi kwanduza inzira zamazi kandi ni uburozi cyane mubuzima bwamazi.Ikibazo cy’imiti yica udukoko twa neonicotinoid yerekana ibibazo bibiri byingenzi bijyanye no kwandikisha imiti yica udukoko hamwe nuburyo bwo gusuzuma ingaruka: gushingira ku bushakashatsi bwa siyanse bwatewe inkunga n’inganda budahuye n’ubushakashatsi bwasuzumwe n’urungano, hamwe n’uburyo budahagije bwo gusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ingaruka ziterwa na sublethal imiti yica udukoko.
Sulfoxaflor yanditswe bwa mbere muri 2013 kandi yateje impaka nyinshi.Suloxaflor ni ubwoko bushya bwa pesticide sulfenimide ifite imiti isa na pesticide ya neonicotinoide.Nyuma y’icyemezo cy’urukiko, Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) cyongeye kwandika sulfenamide mu 2016, kigabanya imikoreshereze yacyo mu kugabanya inzuki.Ariko nubwo ibi bigabanya ibibanza bikoreshwa kandi bikagabanya igihe cyo gukoresha, uburozi bwa sisitemu ya sulfoxaflor buremeza ko izo ngamba zitazakuraho bihagije ikoreshwa ryiyi miti.Pyrethroide nayo yerekanwe kubangamira imyigire no kurisha inzuki.Pyrethroide ikunze kuba ifitanye isano nimpfu zinzuki kandi byagaragaye ko igabanya cyane uburumbuke bwinzuki, kugabanya umuvuduko inzuki zikura zikuze, kandi bikongerera igihe cyo kudakura.Pyrethroide iboneka cyane mumitsi.Pyrethroide ikoreshwa cyane harimo bifenthrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, phenethrin, na permethrin.Fipronil ikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya udukoko twangiza mu nzu no mu byatsi, ni umuti wica udukoko wangiza udukoko.Nuburozi buringaniye kandi bwajyanye no guhungabana kwa hormone, kanseri ya tiroyide, neurotoxicity, ningaruka zimyororokere.Fipronil yerekanwe kugabanya imikorere yimyitwarire nubushobozi bwo kwiga mu nzuki.Organofosifate.Organofosifate nka malathion na spikenard ikoreshwa muri gahunda yo kurwanya imibu kandi irashobora gushyira inzuki mu kaga.Byombi bifite ubumara bukabije ku nzuki n’ibindi binyabuzima bidafite intego, kandi impfu z’inzuki zavuzwe ko zifite uburozi bukabije.Inzuki zigaragara ku buryo butaziguye iyo miti yica udukoko binyuze mu bisigazwa bisigaye ku bimera no ku bindi bice nyuma yo gutera imibu.Amababi, ibishashara n'ubuki byagaragaye ko birimo ibisigazwa.