Mu myaka 20 ishize, imiti yica udukoko mu gihugu cyanjye yateye imbere byihuse.Icya mbere, kubera ishyirwaho ryubwoko bwinshi bushya nubuhanga bugezweho buturutse hanze, naho icya kabiri, imbaraga zinzego zimbere mu gihugu zatumye ibyinshi mubikoresho fatizo byingenzi hamwe nuburyo bwa dosiye yica udukoko twangiza.hanyuma uvuge ubuziranenge niterambere ryubwoko bushya bwo guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge.Nubwo hari ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho byica udukoko, kubijyanye nudukoko twangiza udukoko, pyrethroide iracyari nyamukuru ikoreshwa muri iki gihe.Kuberako udukoko twateje imbere ibyiciro bitandukanye byo kurwanya pyrethroide mu bice bimwe na bimwe, kandi hariho kwambukiranya imipaka, bigira ingaruka ku mikoreshereze yabyo.Ariko, kubera ko ifite ibyiza byinshi byihariye nkuburozi buke nubushobozi buke, biragoye gusimburwa nubundi bwoko mugihe runaka.Ubwoko bukunze gukoreshwa ni tetramethrine, Es-bio-allethrin, d-allethrin, methothrin, pyrethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin na dextramethrin Allethrin n'ibindi. Muri byo, D-trans allethrin ikungahaye kandi yigenga. igihugu cyanjye.Igice cya acide ya allethrin isanzwe itandukanijwe na cis na trans isomers hanyuma isomers ibumoso niburyo iratandukana kugirango yongere igipimo cyumubiri wacyo mwiza, bityo bizamura umusaruro wibicuruzwa.Muri icyo gihe, umubiri utemewe uhindurwa umubiri wemewe, bikagabanya ibiciro.Irerekana ko umusaruro wa pyrethroide mugihugu cyanjye winjiye murwego rwiterambere ryigenga no kwinjira mubijyanye na stereochemie na tekinoroji yibikorwa bya optique.Dichlorvos mu miti yica udukoko twangiza umubiri ni ubwoko bufite umusaruro mwinshi kandi bugakoreshwa cyane kubera ingaruka zikomeye zo gukomanga, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwica ndetse n’imikorere ihindagurika, ariko DDVP na chlorpyrifos zabujijwe gukoreshwa.Mu 1999, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Hunan cy’inganda z’inganda, nk’uko byasabwe na OMS, cyashyizeho uburyo bwagutse, bwica udukoko twica udukoko ndetse na acaricide pirimiphos-methyl, bushobora gukoreshwa mu kurwanya imibu, isazi, isake na mite.
Muri karbamate, propoxur na Zhongbucarb bikoreshwa cyane.Nyamara, ukurikije amakuru afatika, ibicuruzwa byangirika bya sec-butacarb, methyl isocyanate, bifite ibibazo byuburozi.Iki gicuruzwa nticyashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibicuruzwa byangiza udukoko two mu ngo byashyizwe ahagaragara n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi mu 1997, kandi usibye Ubushinwa, nta kindi gihugu ku isi cyakoresheje iki gicuruzwa mu bicuruzwa byica udukoko twangiza mu ngo.Mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’udukoko twica udukoko two mu ngo no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya imiti yica udukoko muri Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi cyahujwe n’imiterere y’igihugu cyanjye, ku ya 23 Werurwe 2000, kuri Zhongbuwei, amabwiriza ajyanye n’inzibacyuho gahoro gahoro. guhagarika ikoreshwa ryica udukoko twangiza isuku murugo.
Hariho abashakashatsi benshi kubashinzwe gukura kw'udukoko, kandi hariho ubwoko bwinshi, nka: diflubenzuron, diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, nibindi. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, bikoreshwa mu kurwanya inzara mu mibu no mu bworozi bw’isazi, kandi zageze ku musaruro mwiza.Bagenda bamenyekana buhoro buhoro kandi bishyirwa mubikorwa.
Mu myaka yashize, ibice nka kaminuza ya Fudan bakoze ubushakashatsi no guhuza feromone yo mu rugo, kandi kaminuza ya Wuhan yateje imbere ubwigenge parvovirus.Ibicuruzwa bifite ibyifuzo byinshi byo gusaba.Ibicuruzwa byica udukoko twica mikorobe biri gutezwa imbere, nka: Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus, virusi ya cockroach na Metarhizium anisopliae byanditswe nkibicuruzwa by’isuku.Ihuriro nyamukuru ni piperonyl butoxide, octachlorodipropyl ether, na amine synergiste.Byongeye kandi, mu myaka yashize, kubera ikibazo cy’icyifuzo cyo gusaba octachlorodipropyl ether, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’amashyamba cya Nanjing cyakuye AI-1 synergiste muri turpentine, naho ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Shanghai Entomology na kaminuza y’ubuhinzi ya Nanjing cyateje imbere 94o.umukozi.Hariho kandi gukurikirana amine, guhuza, hamwe niterambere rya S-855 ikomoka ku bimera.
Kugeza ubu, mu gihugu cyacu hari ibintu 87 bigize imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bunoze bwo kwandikisha udukoko twica udukoko mu gihugu cyacu, muri byo: 46 (52.87%) bya pyrethroide, 8 (9,20%) za organofosifore, 5 za karubasi 1 (5.75) %), Ibintu 5 bidakoreshwa (5,75%), mikorobe 4 (4,60%), organoglorine 1 (1.15%), nubundi bwoko 18 (20,68%).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-20-2023