Iterambere Riheruka rya Topramezone

Topramezone ni yo miti ya mbere yakozwe nyuma y’imbuto za BASF mu mirima y’ibigori, ikaba ari umuti ubuza 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate oxidase (4-HPPD). Kuva yatangizwa mu 2011, izina ry’umuti "Baowei" ryashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, bigabanya ubusembwa bw’imiti isanzwe y’ibigori kandi bikurura ubwinshi bw’inganda.

Akamaro kanini ka topramezone ni umutekano wayo ku bigori n'ibindi bihingwa bikurikira, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu moko hafi ya yose y'ibigori nka ibigori bisanzwe, ibigori biryoshye, ibigori biryoshye, ibigori byo mu murima, na popcorn. Muri icyo gihe, ifite ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti yica udukoko, ikora cyane, kandi ishobora kuvanga cyane, kandi igira ingaruka nziza ku byatsi bibi birwanya glyphosate, triazine, acetyllactate synthase (ALS) ibuza, na acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase).

Raporo zivuga ko mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubwo ibyatsi bibi birwanya imbogamizi mu mirima y'ibigori byarushijeho kugorana kubigenzura, inyungu n'ubushobozi bwo kubigenzura by'imiti gakondo y'itabi na nitrate byaragabanutse, kandi amasosiyete yo mu gihugu yitaye cyane kuri topramezone. Nyuma y'irangira ry'ipatanti ya BASF mu Bushinwa (nimero ya patenti ZL98802797.6 ya topramezone yarangiye ku ya 8 Mutarama 2018), inzira yo gushyira umuti w'umwimerere mu gace runaka nayo iratera imbere buhoro buhoro, kandi isoko ryawo rizagenda rifunguka buhoro buhoro.

Mu 2014, topramezone yagurishijwe ku isi yose yari miliyoni 85 z'amadolari y'Amerika, naho mu 2017, ubucuruzi ku isi yose bwazamutse bugera ku gipimo cyo hejuru cya miliyoni 124 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bugaragara ku mwanya wa kane mu miti yica udukoko ya HPPD (itatu ya mbere ni nitrosulfuron, isoxacloprid, na cyclosulfuron). Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete nka Bayer na Syngenta yiyemeje gufatanya guteza imbere soya yihanganira HPPD, ibyo bikaba byaranagize uruhare mu kwiyongera kw'ubucuruzi bwa topramezone. Ukurikije ingano y'ibicuruzwa ku isi, amasoko y'ingenzi ya topramezone ari mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubudage, Ubushinwa, Ubuhinde, Indoneziya, na Megizike.