Uburyo bwo gucunga imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'imiyoboro y'amazi bushobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'imiti yica udukoko ku kigero cya 44% bitagize ingaruka ku kurwanya udukoko n'indwara cyangwa umusaruro w'ibihingwa.

Gucunga udukoko n'indwara ni ingenzi cyane ku musaruro w'ubuhinzi, birinda ibihingwa udukoko n'indwara byangiza. Gahunda zo kurwanya udukoko zishingiye ku musaruro, zikoresha imiti yica udukoko gusa iyo umubare w'udukoko n'indwara urenze urugero rwagenwe, zishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'imiti yica udukoko. Ariko, ingaruka z'izi gahunda ntizisobanutse neza kandi ziratandukanye cyane.
Kugira ngo dusuzume uburyo bwo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko ishingiye ku gipimo cy’umusaruro mu buhinzi, twashakishije ku buryo burambuye ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’igihe cy’umusaruro mu buhinzi.Dukoresheje moteri nyinshi z’ishakisha, twasesenguye ubushakashatsi 126 kugira ngo tumenye ingaruka z’imiti yica udukoko ishingiye ku gipimo cy’umubare ku kurwanya udukoko twa arthropod, umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, n’ubwinshi bw’udukoko twa arthropod mu buryo bwiza.Dutekereza ko amabwiriza yo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko ashingiye ku gipimo cy’umusaruro ashobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko bitabangamiye umusaruro w’ibihingwa. Byongeye kandi, ugereranije n’amabwiriza yo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko ashingiye ku gihe, amabwiriza ashingiye ku gipimo cy’umusaruro agira akamaro kanini mu kurwanya indwara ziterwa n’udukoko mu gihe icyarimwe ateza imbere ubuzima bw’udukoko tw’ingirakamaro.
Twakoze isuzuma ry’inyandiko kugira ngo tumenye ingaruka za gahunda zo kurwanya imiti yica udukoko mu buhinzi. Inyandiko zasohotse zakuwe kuri Web of Science na Google Scholar (Ishusho ya 1). Twakoresheje kandi uburyo buvanze, dukoresha ingamba zuzuzanya kugira ngo tunoze uburyo bwo guhagararira no kumenyekanisha amakuru yose.
Inyandiko zabonetse binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwa database n'ubundi buryo bwo gushakisha, zisuzumwa kugira ngo zirebe niba zikenewe, zisuzumwa kugira ngo zirebe niba zikwiriye, amaherezo zigashyirwa mu bushakashatsi bugera ku 126, bwashyizwe mu isesengura rya nyuma ry’imibare.
Si ubushakashatsi bwose bwagaragaje uburyo n'impinduka; bityo, twabaze igipimo cy'impinduka kugira ngo tumenye impinduka za logi^igipimo.25Ku bushakashatsi bufite ihindagurika ritazwi, twakoresheje Equation 4 kugira ngo dupime igipimo cya log na Equation 5 kugira ngo dupime ihindagurika rijyanye naryo. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko nubwo ihindagurika risanzwe rya lnRR ryaba ribuze, rishobora gushyirwa muri meta-analysis tubara ihindagurika risanzwe ribura dukoresheje igipimo cy’impinduka z’ikigereranyo cyavuye mu bushakashatsi bugaragaza ihindagurika risanzwe.
Imbonerahamwe ya 1 igaragaza ibipimo by'amanota y'ibipimo, amakosa asanzwe ajyanye nabyo, interuro z'icyizere, n'agaciro ka p kuri buri gipimo n'igereranya. Imiterere y'amafuneli yubatswe kugira ngo hamenyekane niba hari ubusumbane ku bipimo bivugwa (Ishusho y'inyongera ya 1). Imiterere y'inyongera ya 2-7 igaragaza ibipimo bivugwa muri buri bushakashatsi.
Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'ubushakashatsi biboneka mu ncamake ya raporo ya Nature Portfolio ihujwe n'iyi nkuru.
Isesengura ryacu rigaragaza ko gahunda zo gucunga imiti yica udukoko zishingiye ku mubare w’inyongera zishobora kugabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko n’ikiguzi kijyana na byo, ariko ntibirasobanuka neza niba abahinzi babyaza umusaruro koko. Ubushakashatsi bwatanzwe mu isesengura ryacu bwaratandukanye cyane mu bisobanuro byabwo bya gahunda zo gucunga imiti yica udukoko "zisanzwe", kuva ku bikorwa byo mu karere kugeza kuri gahunda zoroshye zo gukoresha kalendari. Kubwibyo, ibisubizo byiza dutanga hano bishobora kutagaragaza neza ubunararibonye nyakuri bw’abahinzi. Byongeye kandi, nubwo twanditse ku kugabanuka kw’ikiguzi bitewe no kugabanuka kw’ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko, ubushakashatsi bwa mbere muri rusange ntibwatekereje ku ikiguzi cyo kugenzura imirima. Kubwibyo, inyungu rusange z’ubukungu za gahunda zo gucunga imiti zishingiye ku mubare w’inyongera zishobora kuba ziri hasi gato ugereranyije n’ibyavuye mu isesengura ryacu. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bwose bwagaragaje ikiguzi cyo kugenzura imirima bwagaragaje kugabanuka kw’ikiguzi cyo gukora bitewe no kugabanuka kw’ikiguzi cy’imiti yica udukoko.
Imiterere y’ubukungu igira uruhare runini mu gitekerezo cyo gucunga udukoko duto (IPM), kandi abashakashatsi bamaze igihe kinini batangaza ibyiza byo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko ishingiye ku miterere y’ubutaka. Ubushakashatsi bwacu bwagaragaje ko kurwanya udukoko duto ari ingenzi muri sisitemu nyinshi, kuko 94% by’ubushakashatsi bigaragaza ko umusaruro w’ibihingwa ugabanuka hatabayeho gukoresha imiti yica udukoko.