Hafi 7.0% by'ubuso bwose bw'isi bwibasirwa n'umunyu1, bivuze ko hegitari zirenga miliyoni 900 z'ubutaka ku isi zibasirwa n'umunyu n'umunyu wa sodi2, bingana na 20% by'ubutaka buhingwa na 10% by'ubutaka buvomererwa. Bifata kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubuso kandi bifite umunyu mwinshi3. Ubutaka buvomererwa ni ikibazo gikomeye ubuhinzi bwa Pakisitani buhura nacyo4,5. Muri ibi, hegitari miliyoni 6.3 cyangwa 14% by'ubutaka buvomererwa ubu bwibasirwa n'umunyu6.
Imihangayiko ya Abiotic ishobora guhindukaimisemburo yo gukura kw'ibimerabigabanya umusaruro w’ibihingwa n’umusaruro wa nyuma7. Iyo ibimera bihuye n’ikibazo cy’umunyu, uburinganire hagati y’umusaruro wa ogisijeni (ROS) n’ingaruka zo kuzimya enzymes zirwanya ogisijeni burahungabana, bigatuma ibimera bigira ikibazo cy’umuvuduko wa ogisijeni8. Ibimera bifite enzymes nyinshi zirwanya ogisijeni (zombi zikora n’izishobora kumera) bigira ubudahangarwa bwiza ku kwangirika kwa ogisijeni, nka superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), peroxidase-catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), na glutathione reductase (GR) bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira umunyu ku bimera biri mu muvuduko wa umunyu9. Byongeye kandi, byavuzwe ko phytohormones zigira uruhare mu mikurire n’iterambere ry’ibimera, gupfa kw’uturemangingo, no kubaho mu gihe cy’imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije10. Triacontanol ni alcool y’ibanze yuzuye igize ishashi y’ibimera kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere gukura kw’ibimera11,12 ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere gukura ku rugero ruto13. Gukoresha amababi bishobora kunoza cyane imiterere y’ibara rya fotosite, ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabutabire, gukura no gukora biomass mu bimera14,15. Gukoresha triacontanol mu mababi bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira stress y’ibimera16 binyuze mu kugenzura imikorere ya enzymes nyinshi zirwanya okisidasiyo17, byongera ingano ya osmoprotectant mu mababi y’ibimera11,18,19 no kunoza uburyo imyunyu ngugu ya K+ na Ca2+, ariko ntabwo ari Na+.14 Byongeye kandi, triacontanol ikora isukari nyinshi igabanya, poroteyine zishonga, na aside amine mu bihe by’stress20,21,22.
Imboga zikungahaye ku binyabutabire n'intungamubiri kandi ni ingenzi mu mikorere myinshi y'umubiri w'umuntu23. Umusaruro w'imboga ubangamiwe no kwiyongera k'umunyu mu butaka, cyane cyane mu butaka buhingwa buvomererwa, butanga 40.0% by'ibiribwa ku isi24. Ibihingwa by'imboga nk'ibitunguru, inkoko, ibirayi, urusenda n'inyanya bishobora kwangirika k'umunyu25, kandi inkoko ni imboga z'ingenzi ku mirire y'abantu ku isi26. Umuvuduko w'umunyu ugira ingaruka zikomeye ku muvuduko w'umuvuduko w'inkoko, icyakora, urugero rw'umunyu ruri hejuru ya 25 mM rutuma umusaruro ugabanuka kugeza kuri 13%27,28. Ingaruka mbi z'umunyu ku nkoko zituma ibimera bikura neza kandi bigatanga umusaruro muke5,29,30. Kubwibyo, intego y'ubu bushakashatsi kwari ugusuzuma uruhare rwa triacontanol mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'umunyu mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'inkoko no gusuzuma ubushobozi bwa triacontanol mu guteza imbere imikurire n'umusaruro w'ibimera. Aya makuru ni ingenzi kandi mu gushyiraho ingamba zikwiriye ubutaka bw'umunyu. Byongeye kandi, twasanze impinduka muri homeostasis ya iyoni mu ngirabuzimafatizo za cucumber munsi ya NaCl stress.
Ingaruka za triacontanol ku bipimo bya osmotic inorganic mu mababi y’ubwoko bune bwa concombre munsi y’ubukana busanzwe n’umunyu.
Ubwo ubwoko bw'imbuto za concombre zaterwaga mu gihe cy'umunyu mwinshi, umubare w'imbuto zose hamwe n'uburemere bw'imbuto mpuzandengo byagabanutse cyane (Ishusho ya 4). Uku kugabanuka kwagaragaye cyane muri ubwoko bw'imbuto za Summer Green na 20252, mu gihe Marketmore na Green Long byagumanye umubare w'imbuto n'uburemere bwinshi nyuma y'ikibazo cy'umunyu mwinshi. Gukoresha triacontanol ku biti byagabanyije ingaruka mbi z'umunyu mwinshi ndetse bikongera umubare w'imbuto n'uburemere mu bwoko bwose bw'imbuto bwasuzumwe. Ariko, Marketmore yavuwe na triacontanol yatanze umubare w'imbuto nyinshi cyane zifite uburemere buri hejuru mu gihe cy'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi zagenzuwe ugereranije n'ibimera bitavuwe. Summer Green na 20252 zari zifite ingano nini y'ibintu bishongesha mu mbuto za concombre kandi zagize ingaruka mbi ugereranije na Marketmore na Green Long, zari zifite ingano ntoya y'ibintu bishongesha mu buryo bwose.
Ingaruka za triacontanol ku musaruro w'ubwoko bune bw'ibimera by'inkoko mu gihe cy'ibibazo bisanzwe n'umunyu.
Igipimo cyiza cya triacontanol cyari 0.8 mg/l, byatumye hagabanywa ingaruka mbi z’uturemangingo twakoreweho ubushakashatsi mu gihe cy’umunyu n’igihe kitarimo umuvuduko. Ariko, ingaruka za triacontanol kuri Green-Long na Marketmore zari zigaragara cyane. Ukurikije ubushobozi bw’utu turemangingo bwo kwihanganira umunyu n’akamaro ka triacontanol mu kugabanya ingaruka z’umunyu, birashoboka gutanga inama yo guhinga utu turemangingo ku butaka bw’umunyu hakoreshejwe triacontanol.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2024