Isoko ry’ibihingwa ngandurarugo muri Berezile ryakomeje umuvuduko witerambere mu myaka yashize.Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukangurira abantu kurengera ibidukikije, gukundwa n’ibitekerezo by’ubuhinzi birambye, no gushyigikirwa na politiki ikomeye ya guverinoma, Burezili igenda ihinduka isoko n’isoko rishya ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi-mwimerere ku isi, bikurura ibigo by’ibinyabuzima ku isi gushinga ibikorwa muri igihugu.
Ibihe byisoko rya biopesticide muri Berezile
Mu 2023, ubuso bwahinzweho ibihingwa bya Berezile byageze kuri hegitari miliyoni 81.82, muri byo igihingwa kinini ni soya, bingana na 52% by’ubuso bwose bwatewe, hagakurikiraho ibigori byo mu itumba, ibisheke n’ibigori byo mu cyi.Ku butaka bunini bwo guhinga, Berezileimiti yica udukokoisoko ryageze kuri miliyari 20 z'amadolari (gukoresha imirima iheruka) mu 2023, imiti yica udukoko twa soya ni yo ifite uruhare runini mu gaciro k’isoko (58%) n’isoko ryiyongera cyane mu myaka itatu ishize.
Umugabane wa biopesticide ku isoko rusange ry’imiti yica udukoko muri Berezile uracyari hasi cyane, ariko uragenda wiyongera cyane, uva kuri 1% muri 2018 ugera kuri 4% muri 2023 mu myaka itanu gusa, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka buri mwaka bwa 38%, kure kurenza umuvuduko wa 12% witerambere ryimiti yica udukoko.
Mu 2023, isoko ry’ibinyabuzima ryangiza igihugu ryageze ku isoko ry’amadolari miliyoni 800 nyuma y’umuhinzi.Muri byo, ukurikije icyiciro, nematocide yibinyabuzima nicyiciro kinini cyibicuruzwa (bikoreshwa cyane muri soya n'ibisheke);Icyiciro cya kabiri kinini niudukoko twica udukoko, hagakurikiraho mikorobe na biocide;CAGR isumba iyindi yose mumasoko mugihe cya 2018-2023 ni ya nematocide yibinyabuzima, kugeza 52%.Ku bijyanye n’ibihingwa byakoreshejwe, umugabane wa soya biopesticide mu isoko ryose niwo hejuru, ugera kuri 55% muri 2023;Muri icyo gihe, soya nayo ni igihingwa gifite igipimo kinini cyo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko twangiza imiti, hamwe na 88% by’ubutaka bwatewe hifashishijwe ibicuruzwa nk'ibyo mu 2023. Ibigori by’ibigori n’ibisheke ni ibihingwa bya kabiri n’icya gatatu mu bihingwa bifite agaciro ku isoko.Agaciro k'isoko ry'ibi bihingwa kiyongereye mu myaka itatu ishize.
Hariho itandukaniro mubyiciro byingenzi bya biopesticide kuri ibyo bihingwa byingenzi.Agaciro kanini ku isoko rya soya ya biopesticide ni nematocide yibinyabuzima, bingana na 43% mu 2023. Ibyiciro byingenzi bikoreshwa mu bigori byimbeho no mu bigori byo mu cyi ni imiti yica udukoko twangiza, bingana na 66% na 75% by’agaciro k’isoko ry’imiti yica udukoko twangiza muri yombi. ubwoko bw'ibihingwa, (cyane cyane mu kurwanya udukoko twangiza).Icyiciro kinini cyibicuruzwa byibisheke ni nematocide yibinyabuzima, bingana na kimwe cya kabiri cyisoko ryisoko ryimiti yica udukoko twangiza ibisheke.
Ku bijyanye n’ahantu ho gukoreshwa, imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana icyenda ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho, igipimo cy’ahantu havuwe ku bihingwa bitandukanye, hamwe n’ahantu hateganijwe gukoreshwa mu mwaka umwe.Muri byo, Trichoderma nicyo kintu kinini kigira uruhare runini, gikoreshwa muri hegitari miliyoni 8.87 z’ibihingwa ku mwaka, cyane cyane mu guhinga soya.Yakurikiwe na Beauveria bassiana (hegitari miliyoni 6.845), yakoreshwaga cyane mu bigori byo mu itumba.Umunani muribi icyenda byingenzi byingenzi ni bioresistant, kandi parasitoide nudukoko twonyine tw’umwanzi (byose bikoreshwa mu guhinga ibisheke).Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma ibyo bikoresho bigurishwa neza:
Trichoderma, Beauveria bassiana na Bacillus amylus: inganda zirenga 50, zitanga isoko ryiza kandi zitangwa;
Rhodospore: kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara, ahanini biterwa no kwiyongera kw'ibibabi by'ibigori, ubuso bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bingana na hegitari miliyoni 11 mu 2021, na hegitari miliyoni 30 muri 2024 ku bigori by'itumba;
Amababi ya parasitike: afite umwanya muremure uhamye kubisheke, bikoreshwa cyane mugucunga inkoni;
Metarhizium anisopliae: Gukura vuba, ahanini biterwa no kwiyongera kwa nematode no guhagarika kwandikisha karbofuran (imiti nyamukuru yo kugenzura nematode).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-15-2024