I. Incamake yubucuruzi bwubuhinzi hagati yUbushinwa n’ibihugu bya LAC kuva binjira muri WTO
Kuva mu 2001 kugeza 2023, ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi hagati y’ibihugu by’Ubushinwa n’ibihugu bya LAC byagaragaje ko bikomeje kwiyongera, kuva kuri miliyari 2,58 z’amadolari y’Amerika kugera kuri miliyari 81.03 z’amadolari y’Amerika, hamwe n’ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bwa buri mwaka cya 17.0%. Muri byo, agaciro k’ibitumizwa mu mahanga kiyongereye kiva kuri miliyari 2.40 z'amadolari ya Amerika kagera kuri miliyari 77.63 z'amadolari y'Amerika, kiyongera inshuro 31; Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho inshuro 19 kuva kuri miliyoni 170 bigera kuri miliyari 3.40. Igihugu cyacu kiri mu gihombo mu bucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi n’ibihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, kandi icyuho gikomeje kwiyongera. Isoko rinini rikoreshwa mu buhinzi mu gihugu cyacu ryatanze amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ubuhinzi muri Amerika y'Epfo. Mu myaka yashize, ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ubuhinzi byujuje ubuziranenge biva muri Amerika y'Epfo, nka Cherry Chili na shrimp yera ya Ecuador, byinjiye ku isoko ryacu.
Muri rusange, umugabane w’ibihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo mu bucuruzi bw’ubuhinzi mu Bushinwa wagiye wiyongera buhoro buhoro, ariko igabanywa ry’ibicuruzwa n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ntirisanzwe. Kuva mu 2001 kugeza 2023, igipimo cy’ubucuruzi bw’ubuhinzi n’Ubushinwa na Amerika y'Amajyepfo mu bucuruzi bw’ubuhinzi mu Bushinwa bwavuye kuri 9.3% bugera kuri 24.3%. Muri byo, Ubushinwa butumiza mu mahanga mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo byagize uruhare mu bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga biva kuri 20.3% bikagera kuri 33.2%, Ubuhinzi bwoherezwa mu buhinzi mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo bugera ku 1.1% bugera kuri 3.4%.
2. Ibiranga ubucuruzi bwubuhinzi hagati yUbushinwa nibihugu bya LAC
(1) Ugereranije abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi
Mu 2001, Arijantine, Burezili na Peru nibyo bihugu bitatu bya mbere byatumije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu buhinzi biva muri Amerika y'Epfo, bifite agaciro ka miliyari 2.13 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bingana na 88.8% by'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva muri Amerika y'Epfo muri uwo mwaka. Hamwe n’ubufatanye bw’ubucuruzi bw’ubuhinzi n’ibihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, mu myaka yashize, Chili yarenze Peru ibera isoko rya gatatu mu bihugu byinjira mu mahanga mu buhinzi muri Amerika y'Epfo, naho Burezili irenga Arijantine ibera isoko ya mbere mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga ubuhinzi. Mu 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije mu mahanga ibikomoka ku buhinzi muri Burezili, Arijantine na Chili byinjije miliyari 58.93 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bingana na 88.8% by'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo muri uwo mwaka. Muri byo, Ubushinwa bwinjije miliyari 58.58 z'amadolari y'ibicuruzwa by'ubuhinzi muri Berezile, bingana na 75.1% by'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, bingana na 25.0% by'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu Bushinwa. Burezili ntabwo ari isoko nini yo gutumiza mu buhinzi muri Amerika y'Epfo gusa, ahubwo ni isoko nini yo gutumiza mu mahanga ubuhinzi ku isi.
Mu 2001, Cuba, Mexico na Berezile nibyo bihugu bitatu bya mbere by’isoko ry’ubuhinzi byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa mu bihugu bya LAC, bifite agaciro kangana na miliyoni 110 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bingana na 64.4% by’Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu bihugu bya LAC muri uwo mwaka. Mu 2023, Mexico, Chili na Berezile nibyo bihugu bitatu bya mbere by’ubuhinzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, bifite agaciro kangana na miliyari 2.15 z'amadolari y'Abanyamerika, bingana na 63.2% by'ibyoherezwa mu buhinzi muri uwo mwaka.
(3) Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byiganjemo imbuto za peteroli n’ibikomoka ku bworozi, kandi ibitumizwa mu mahanga byiyongereye cyane mu myaka yashize
Ubushinwa n’ibihugu byinshi bitumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu buhinzi, kandi bukenera cyane ibikomoka ku buhinzi nka soya, inyama z’imbuto n'imbuto biva mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo. Kuva Ubushinwa bwinjira muri WTO, ibicuruzwa biva mu buhinzi biva mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo ahanini ni imbuto za peteroli n'ibikomoka ku bworozi, kandi kwinjiza ibinyampeke byiyongereye cyane mu myaka yashize.
Mu 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije mu mahanga miliyari 42.29 z'amadolari y'amanyamerika y'imbuto za peteroli mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, bikiyongeraho 3,3%, bingana na 57.1% by'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo. Ibicuruzwa biva mu bworozi, ibikomoka mu mazi n’ibinyampeke byari miliyari 13.67 z'amadolari ya Amerika, miliyari 7.15 z'amadolari ya Amerika na miliyari 5.13 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Muri byo, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari miliyari 4.05 z'amadolari y'Amerika, byiyongereyeho inshuro 137.671, ahanini kubera ko ibigori byo muri Berezile byoherejwe mu Bushinwa no kugenzura akato. Umubare munini w’ibigori byinjira muri Berezile byongeye kwandika uburyo bwo gutumiza ibigori byiganjemo Ukraine na Amerika mu bihe byashize.
(4) Kohereza cyane cyane ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi n'imboga
Kuva Ubushinwa bwinjira muri WTO, kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buhinzi mu bihugu bya LAC ahanini byibanze ku bicuruzwa byo mu mazi n'imboga, mu myaka yashize, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibinyampeke byiyongereye cyane. Mu 2023, Ubushinwa bwohereje ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi n'imboga mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo byari miliyari 1.19 na miliyari 6.0 z'amadolari, bingana na 35.0% na 17.6% by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga biva mu buhinzi mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-30-2024