Abahinzi benshi bahuye na phytotoxicité mugihe bakoresha mancozeb kubera guhitamo ibicuruzwa nabi cyangwa igihe cyo gusaba nabi, dosiye, ninshuro. Indwara zoroheje zitera kwangirika kwamababi, fotosintezeza igabanuka, no gukura nabi kwibihingwa. Mugihe gikabije, ibiyobyabwenge (ibibara byumukara, ibibara byumuhondo, ibibara byumuhondo, nibindi) biboneka hejuru yimbuto no hejuru yibibabi, ndetse bigatera utudomo twinshi twimbuto, hejuru yimbuto zumye, hamwe ningese zimbuto, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubucuruzi bwimbuto, bigatera abahinzi igihombo kinini. Binyuze muri make, usanga impamvu nyamukuru zitera phytotoxicity ari izi zikurikira:
1. Ibicuruzwa bya mancozeb bitujuje ibyangombwa biganisha cyane kuri phytotoxicity.
Mancozeb yujuje ibyangombwa igomba kuba manganese-zinc yaacide mancozebbyakozwe nuburyo bwo gutwika ibintu. Hano hari ibigo bito n'ibihimbano ku isoko ibicuruzwa bidashobora kwitwa mancozeb muri rusange. Bitewe n'imbogamizi y'ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro n'ikoranabuhanga, igice gito gusa cy'ibicuruzwa by'ibi bigo bito birashobora guhurizwa muri mancozeb, kandi ibyinshi ni imvange ya mancozeb n'umunyu wa zinc. Ibicuruzwa bifite ibara ryijimye, ibirimo umwanda mwinshi, kandi bikunda kwangirika iyo bihuye nubushuhe nubushuhe. Gukoresha ibyo bicuruzwa birashoboka cyane gutera phytotoxicity. Kurugero, gukoresha mancozeb yo hasi mugihe cyimbuto zimbuto za pome zirashobora kugira ingaruka kumyuka yashashara hejuru yimbuto, bigatera kwangirika kwimbuto zimbuto hanyuma bikavamo ibizunguruka bya phytotoxicity, bikaguka uko imbuto zikura.
2. Kuvanga buhumyi imiti yica udukoko bigira ingaruka kumutekano wo gukoresha mancozeb.
Mugihe cyo kuvanga imiti yica udukoko, ibintu byinshi nkibigize ingirakamaro, imiterere yumubiri nu miti, ingaruka zo kurwanya, hamwe nudukoko twangiza. Kuvanga buhumyi ntibigabanya gusa imikorere ahubwo binongera ibyago byo kurwara phytotoxicity. Kurugero, imyitozo isanzwe yo kuvanga mancozeb nudukoko twangiza udukoko twangiza cyangwa ibyuma biremereye birimo umuringa birashobora kugabanya imikorere ya mancozeb. Kuvanga mancozeb n'ibicuruzwa bya fosifate birashobora gutuma habaho imvura igwa no kurekura gaze ya hydrogen sulfide.
3. Guhitamo nabi igihe cyo gutera no guhindura uko bishakiye gutera spray byongera ibyago bya phytotoxicity.
Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, abahinzi benshi bakunda kugabanya igipimo cya dilution yibitekerezo byerekanwe mumabwiriza cyangwa bakanakoresha concentration irenze iyo basabwe kugirango bongere umusaruro. Ibi byongera ibyago bya phytotoxicity. Muri icyo gihe, abahinzi bavanga imiti yica udukoko twinshi kugirango bigerweho, gusa bitondera amazina atandukanye yubucuruzi ariko bakirengagiza ibintu bikora nibirimo. Mugihe cyo kuvanga, ibipimo byibintu bimwe bikora birundanya, kandi kwibumbira hamwe kwica udukoko byica udukoko byiyongera kuburyo butaziguye, bikarenza urugero rwumutekano kandi bigatera phytotoxicity. Gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mubihe byubushyuhe bwo hejuru byongera ibikorwa byica udukoko. Gutera imiti yica udukoko twinshi byongera ibyago bya phytotoxicity.
4. Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bugira ingaruka kumutekano wa mancozeb.
Ubwiza, igipimo cyo guhagarikwa, imitungo itose, hamwe no gufatira uduce duto twa mancozeb bigira ingaruka kumutekano no kubicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya mancozeb bifite ubusembwa mubipimo bya tekiniki nkubwiza, igipimo cyo guhagarikwa, hamwe nu mutungo utose kubera umusaruro muke. Mugihe cyo gukoresha nyacyo, ibintu byo kwica udukoko twangiza udukoko hamwe nubutaka bwangiza nozzle birasanzwe. Kwinjira kwa pesticide mugihe cyo gutera bitera gutera kwibumbira hamwe mugihe cyo gutera, bikavamo ingaruka zidahagije kumyuka mike hamwe na phytotoxicity yibitekerezo byinshi. Gufata nabi imiti yica udukoko, ifatanije n’amazi menshi akoreshwa mu gutera, bituma umuti wica udukoko udakwirakwira neza hejuru y’ibabi, bigatuma habaho umuti w’udukoko twangiza udukoko twangiza amababi ndetse n’imbuto, bigatuma habaho kwibanda cyane hamwe na phytotoxicity.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-22-2025