Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ubworozi bunini mu cyaro, gukumira indwara byabaye ingenzi cyane, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba rishyushye n'ubukonje iyoisazi n'imibukwiyongera cyane, bikongera ikwirakwira ry’indwara z’amatungo kandi bikaba akaga gakomeye gashobora gutera icyorezo. Ibi byateje ingaruka mbi nyinshi ku musaruro w’inganda z’ubworozi. Uburyo bwo gukumira isazi mu buryo bwa siyansi no kurandura imibu bwabaye ikibazo cyihutirwa ubworozi bunini bwo mu cyaro bugomba gukemura.
Kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi, inyamaswa zirarya cyane, ubushobozi bwazo bwo kumva ibintu bidasanzwe buriyongera. Ku manywa, zibangamirwa n'isazi, naho nijoro zikarumwa n'imibu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ntizishobora kuruhuka bihagije. Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'uko isazi n'imibu kurumwa, intungamubiri ziri mu mibiri y'inyamaswa zirakurwaho, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku muvuduko wazo wo gukura no kudakira indwara mu mubiri.
Birazwi ko imibu n'isazi bishobora gutwara ubwoko burenga 60 bwa bagiteri, virusi n'udukoko. Muri byo, ubwoko burenga 50 bw'udukoko twandura kandi tugakwirakwizwa n'isazi. Indwara z'ingenzi zigira ingaruka ku matungo n'ubworozi bw'inkoko zirimo: indwara y'uburenge n'umunwa, pseudorabies, umuriro w'ingurube, ibicurane by'inyoni, indwara ya Newcastle, Pasteurella multocida y'inyoni, Escherichia coli y'inyoni, coccidiosis, n'izindi. Mu gihe cy'icyorezo, zishobora kwihutisha ikwirakwira ry'indwara z'ibyorezo no kongera ingorane zo gukumira no kurwanya indwara. Byongeye kandi, mu biraro by'ingurube, imibu n'isazi bishobora gutera mastite ikomeye mu ngurube ndetse bikanakwirakwiza Streptococcus ndetse bigatera Streptococcus meningitis mu ngurube nto. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje kandi ko imibu n'isazi ari ingenzi mu gutera umuriro w'ingurube, anaplasmosis na gastroenteritis yandura.
Kugenzura ibidukikije ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kurwanya imibu n'isazi. Ibi birimo gukuraho aho ubworozi bukomoka, gukoresha ifumbire y'amatungo n'ibindi bintu bihumanya kugira ngo habeho isuku nziza, bigatuma amagi y'imibu, imyakura n'ibikurura bidashobora kubaho, cyangwa kubikumira gukurura isazi z'ingore ngo zitere amagi. Gushyiraho ibidukikije bikwiye ku bworozi bw'amatungo ni cyo kintu cya mbere cy'ingenzi mu korora amatungo mazima. Mu gihe wubaka ibiraro binini by'amatungo, ntabwo ari ngombwa gusa kuba ushobora gukumira imvura n'ubushuhe, no kwemeza ko ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'itumba n'ubukonje mu mpeshyi, ahubwo hagomba no kwitabwaho cyane no kugira ibikorwa byo gukumira udukoko n'indwara. Kubwibyo, mu gihe wubaka ibiraro by'amatungo, hitamo ahantu hari ubutaka burebure kandi bwumye, hareba mu majyepfo, hari ubutaka burambuye n'ubuhaname buto. Imiterere y'ikiraro cy'amatungo igomba kuba ikwiye, isuzuma neza uburyo ifumbire, inkari n'imyanda ikoreshwa, kandi igenzura ko umwuka mwiza uhumeka imbere mu kiraro, bityo bigatuma amazi n'imyanda bisohoka neza.
Gukomeza isuku n'isuku by'aho kororera n'ibidukikije bihakikije, kurandura aho imibu n'isazi byororera, kura vuba amase n'inkari mu bigo byororeramo, gusukura kenshi aho bororera n'aho babika amazi, kuzuza ibidendezi by'amazi n'aho babika amazi, gukoresha imiyoboro yo munsi y'ubutaka mu gusohora amazi, kubika ifumbire kure y'aho batuye n'aho bororera, kandi ukoreshe imiti igabanya ubukana buri gihe mu kwica isazi nini n'udusimba tw'isazi. Nyuma yo gusukura aho bororera, gukurura amazi, kongera umwuka kugira ngo wumishe vuba hasi mu bigo.
Mu bworozi bunini bw’amatungo mu cyaro, bitewe n’ahantu hatandukanye, biragoye gucunga neza ibidukikije bikikije. Kubwibyo, ingamba nko gukuraho ibyatsi bibi bikikije ibiraro by’amatungo, gufunga inzugi n’amadirishya y’ibiraro hakoreshejwe imiyoboro ya pulasitiki, no gukumira isazi n’imibu kwinjira mu biraro. Ku manywa, imitego y’isazi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho isazi, kandi nijoro, ibikoresho byica imibu byakozwe n’uruganda rwa Guangzhou Jiaobao Technology Electrical Appliance Factory bishobora gukoreshwa mu kurandura imibu.
Ku nkuta n'ibisenge biri hejuru ya metero 1 uvuye mu mwanya wo mu nzu, abafite amazi menshi bagomba gukoresha imiti myinshi, kandi hagakoreshwa imiti myinshi. Ku buso budafite amazi menshi, hagomba gukoreshwa imiti myinshi ariko ifite urugero ruto. Imiti ishobora kuba 48% bya chlorpyrifos, ikavangwa inshuro 150 kugeza kuri 200, cyangwa Kainuo ikavangwa inshuro 200 kugeza kuri 300. Ku gutera umuti ahantu, 5%imiti yica udukokoGuhagarika, amavuta yica udukoko ya Kill-Duoxi 6%, Wei Hui Jing 5%, nibindi. Ku buso bw'ingurube, imiti yica udukoko ikoreshwa neza cyane igomba gusukwa ku nkuta z'aho ifungirwa, imyobo y'ifumbire y'imborera, imiyoboro y'amazi mabi, ibidendezi, n'ahantu harundanyirijwe imyanda, kugira ngo hatagira aho imibu, inyo n'isazi byororokera. Mu gihe hakoreshwa uburyo bwa chimique mu kurwanya imibu n'isazi, hagomba gutoranywa imiti idahumanya cyangwa idafite uburozi bwinshi kugira ngo ishobore kwica imibu n'isazi neza mu gihe ikomeza gukura no gukura neza kw'ingurube. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa kumenya ko bitewe n'imibu n'isazi, cyane cyane isazi, abana bazo bakurana n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'imiti vuba cyane. Gukoresha ikintu kimwe mu kurwanya bizagabanya ingaruka buhoro buhoro kandi bigatuma kurwanya imibu n'isazi birushaho kugorana. Kubwibyo, hagomba gutoranywa ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti yo guteka kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu kuzunguruka kugira ngo harebwe ingaruka zo kurwanya. Hanyuma, imiti cyangwa ibindi binyabutabire byo kwica isazi n'inyo bigomba kongerwa mu biribwa by'umukumbi wose, ibi bikaba bishobora kugera ku ntego yo kwirukana no kwica udukoko ku mibiri y'ingurube mu byiciro byose, bigatuma uruhu rw'ingurube rusukura kandi rurabagirana, kandi bikanongera umuvuduko wo gukura; umwanda w'ingurube ushobora kandi kugira ingaruka nziza ku muti wo kwica udusimba tw'inyo mu mwobo w'imyanda, bityo bigatuma habaho ingaruka nziza zo kurwanya inzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2026
