PermaNet Dual, inshundura nshya ya deltamethrin-clofenac, yerekana imbaraga ziyongera ku mibu ya Anopheles gambiae irwanya pyrethroide mu majyepfo ya Bénin.

Mubigeragezo muri Afrika, ibitanda bikozwe muriPYRETHROIDnaFIPRONILyerekanye ingaruka nziza za entomologiya na epidemiologiya.Ibi byatumye abantu benshi basabwa aya masomo mashya kumurongo mubihugu bya malariya.PermaNet Dual ni deltamethrin nshya na clofenac mesh yakozwe na Vestergaard Sàrl kugirango itange ubundi bushobozi muri gahunda yo kurwanya malariya.Twakoze igeragezwa rya cockpit kugirango tumenye neza imikorere ya PermaNet Dual kurwanya imibu ya Anopheles gambiae irwanya pyrethroid irwanya ubusa, iguruka ku buntu i Cove, muri Bénin.PermaNet Dual yateje impfu nyinshi niba idakarabye ugereranije ninshundura zirimo pyrethroid yonyine hamwe ninshundura zirimo pyrethroid na PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (77% kuri PermaNet Dual, 23% kuri PermaNet 2.0 na 23% kuri PermaNet 3.0) 56% p <0.001) nyuma yimyaka 20 .gukaraba bisanzwe (75% kuri PermaNet Dual, 14% kuri PermaNet 2.0, 30% kuri PermaNet 3.0, p <0.001).Ukoresheje intera iri hagati yo kudasobanurwa n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi, PermaNet Dual nayo ntiyari munsi y’impfu z’abatwara indwara ya pyrethroid-clofenazoline, yerekanaga agaciro k’ubuzima rusange (Interceptor G2) (79% vs 76).%, OR = 0.878, 95% CI 0.719–1.073), ariko ntabwo ari ukurinda gutanga amaraso (35% ni 26%, OR = 1.424, 95% CI 1.177–1.723).PermaNet Dual nubundi buryo bwiyongera kuri ubu bwoko bwurushundura rukomeye kugirango tunoze kurwanya malariya yanduzwa n imibu irwanya pyrethroide.
Urushundura ruvura udukoko (ITNs) nigikorwa cyiza kandi gikoreshwa cyane mukurinda malariya.Bagaragaye inshuro nyinshi kugabanya indwara ya malariya nimpfu mugihe cyibigeragezo na gahunda kandi bagize uruhare runini mubikorwa byose biherutse gukorwa kugirango bagabanye malariya.Nyamara, kwishingikiriza ku cyiciro kimwe cy’udukoko twica udukoko (pyrethroide) bitera imbaraga zo guhitamo, bigatuma ikwirakwizwa rya pyrethroide irwanya malariya.Hagati ya 2010 na 2020, kurwanya pyrethroide byagaragaye byibuze mu bwoko bumwe bwa vector mu 88% by'ibihugu byanduye malariya.Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibitanda bivura udukoko twica udukoko birinda malariya nubwo birwanya, hari ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko imibu ihura nigitanda kivura pyrethroide yateje imbere kubaho no kugaburira.Bitewe n'akamaro kabo mu gukumira no kurwanya malariya, igabanuka iryo ari ryo ryose ry’imitego y’udukoko twica udukoko rishobora gutuma indwara n’impfu byongera kubaho.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iri terabwoba, ibitanda bivura udukoko twica udukoko twica udukoko, bihuza pyrethroide n’indi mvange, byashyizweho kugira ngo bigarure igenzura rya malariya irwanya malariya.Ubwoko bushya bwa ITN bukomatanya pyrethroide hamwePIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (PBO), umuhuza wongera imbaraga za pyrethroide mukutabuza imisemburo yangiza ifitanye isano na pyrethroid10.Mu kazu k'ubushakashatsi hamwe na cluster yateganijwe kugeragezwa (cRCT) ITN zirimo pyrethroide na PBO zerekanye inyungu zisumba iyindi ugereranije na ITN irimo pyrethroide gusa nibikorwa bya epidemiologiya.Kuva icyo gihe babonye icyifuzo cya OMS cyo gukwirakwiza mu turere aho inzitizi zigaragaza ko zirwanya pyrethroide, bigatuma kwiyongera gukwirakwizwa kwabo mu bihugu byanduye mu myaka yashize18.Ariko, pyrethroid-PBO ITN ntabwo igarukira.Ikigaragara ni uko hari impungenge zijyanye nigihe kirekire nyuma yo gukoresha urugo igihe kirekire.Ubushakashatsi bw'indege muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba burerekana kandi ko inzitiramubu ya pyrethroid-PBO ishobora gutanga inyungu nkeya mu turere twiyongereyeho kurwanya pyrethroid yunganirwa n’uburyo bukomeye kandi butandukanye.Rero, kugirango igenzure neza kandi rirambye, birakenewe gukoresha ubwoko bwinshi bwurushundura ruvurwa nudukoko twangiza udukoko, byaba byiza turimo ubundi buryo bwica udukoko twangiza udukoko twangiza.
Vuba aha, inshundura zivura imiti yica udukoko zimaze kuboneka zihuza pyrethroide na fipronil, umuti wica udukoko twa azole uhungabanya imikorere ya mito-iyambere.Chlorfenopyr yerekana uburyo bushya bwo kurwanya indwara ziterwa n’udukoko twangiza udukoko twangiza.Pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr ITN (Interceptor G2), yakozwe na BASF, yerekanye malariya irwanya pyrethroide mu bigeragezo by’indege muri Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte na Tanzaniya.Igenzura rya Vector ryateye imbere none ni Umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi wujuje ibyangombwa.Ibigeragezo binini na gahunda yo gukwirakwiza icyitegererezo mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byagaragaje ibimenyetso by’ingaruka z’ibyorezo.By'umwihariko, RCTs yo muri Bénin na Tanzaniya yerekanye ko Interceptor G2 yagabanije kwandura malariya mu bwana ku kigero cya 46% na 44% mu myaka 2, ugereranije na ITN ikoresha pyrethroide yonyine.Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bisubizo, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima riherutse gutanga icyifuzo gikomeye cyo gukoresha inshundura zo kuryama zivuwe na pyrethroide-chlorphenopyr yica udukoko aho kuba inshundura zo kuryama zirimo pyrethroide yonyine mu bice aho inzitizi zirwanya pyrethroide.Inzitiramubu zivura udukoko twirinda malariya.Ibi byatumye ubwiyongere bukenewe ku isi ndetse no gutumiza inzitiramubu zivura pyrethroide zashyizwe mu bihugu by’icyorezo.Iterambere ryubwoko butandukanye bushya bwa pyrethroide na fipronil inshundura zinganda zakozwe ninganda nyinshi zifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukora bizafasha guteza imbere isoko ryigitanda kivura imiti yica udukoko, kongera amarushanwa, kandi biganisha ku buryo bworoshye kubona inshundura zihenze zivura imiti yica udukoko.Urushundura.