Ibipimo byo kugenzura imikurire y'ibimera ni ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti yica udukoko, ikorwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano cyangwa ikurwa mu tunyangingo kandi ifite imirimo imwe cyangwa isa n'imisemburo y'ibimera. Igenzura imikurire y'ibimera hakoreshejwe imiti kandi igira ingaruka ku mikurire n'iterambere ry'ibihingwa. Ni imwe mu ntambwe zikomeye mu mikurire y'ibimera bigezweho n'ubumenyi bw'ubuhinzi, kandi yabaye ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi. Imbuto zimera, imizi, gukura, kurabya, kwera imbuto, gusaza, gushwanyagurika, guhagarara kw'ibimera n'ibindi bikorwa by'umubiri, ibikorwa byose by'ubuzima bw'ibimera ntibitandukanywa no kwitabira kwabyo.
Imisemburo itanu y’ingenzi ikomoka ku bimera: gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, aside abscisic, na ethylene. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, brassinolides zashyizwe ku rutonde rwa gatandatu kandi zemerwa n’isoko.
Ibikoresho icumi by’ingenzi mu gukora no gukoresha ibimera:ethefoni, aside gibberelike, paklobutrazole, chlorfenuron, thidiazuron, mepipenium,brassin,klorofili, aside acetiki ya indole, na flubenzamide.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, iyi sosiyete yibanze ku bwoko bw'ibimera bihindura imiterere: aside procyclonic calcium, furfuraminopurine, silicon Fenghuan, coronatine, antibiyotike zitera S-inducing, nibindi.
Ibipimo bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera birimo gibberellin, ethylene, cytokinin, aside abscisic na brassin, nka brassin, ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibipimo bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera icyatsi kibisi kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, bishobora guteza imbere imikurire y'imboga, amahumyo, imbuto n'ibindi bihingwa, bishobora kunoza ubwiza bw'ibihingwa, kongera umusaruro w'ibihingwa, gutuma ibihingwa biba byiza mu ibara ryiza n'amababi manini. Muri icyo gihe, bishobora kunoza imikurire y'amapfa no kwihanganira ubukonje bw'ibihingwa, no kugabanya ibimenyetso by'ibihingwa birwaye indwara n'udukoko, kwangizwa n'imiti yica udukoko, kwangizwa n'ifumbire no kwangizwa n'ubukonje.
Gutegura ibikomoka ku bimera bivanze birimo gutera imbere vuba
Kuri ubu, ubwoko bw'ibinyabutabire bufite isoko rinini ry'ibikoreshwa, nka: aside gibberellic + brassin lactone, aside gibberellic + auxin + cytokinin, ethephon + brassin lactone n'ibindi binyabutabire, Ibyiza by'inyongera by'ibinyabutabire bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera bifite ingaruka zitandukanye.
Isoko rigenda rihinduka buhoro buhoro, kandi impeshyi iraje
Ubuyobozi bwa Leta bushinzwe kugenzura isoko n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu hamwe n’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibipimo by’ubutaka bemeje kandi bashyira ahagaragara amahame ngenderwaho menshi y’igihugu yerekeye kurinda ibimera n’ibikoresho by’ubuhinzi, muri yo hakaba harimo isohoka rya GB/T37500-2019 “Kugena Ibipimo by’Imikurire y’Ibimera mu Ifumbire mvaruganda hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa “High Performance Liquid Chromatography” byemerera gukurikirana. Igikorwa kinyuranyije n’amategeko cyo kongeramo ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y’ibimera ku ifumbire gifite ubufasha bwa tekiniki. Dukurikije “Amabwiriza agenga Imicungire y’Ibimera”, igihe cyose imiti yica udukoko yongewe ku ifumbire mvaruganda, imiti ni imiti yica udukoko kandi igomba kwandikwa, gukorwa, gukoreshwa, gukoreshwa no gucungwa hakurikijwe imiti yica udukoko. Iyo icyemezo cyo kwandikisha imiti yica udukoko kitabonetse, ni imiti yica udukoko yakozwe idahawe icyemezo cyo kwandikisha imiti yica udukoko hakurikijwe amategeko, cyangwa ubwoko bw’ikintu gikora kiri muri iyo miti budahuye n’ikintu gikora cyanditse ku kirango cyangwa mu gitabo cy’amabwiriza cy’iyi miti, kandi bifatwa nk’umuti wica udukoko. Kongeramo imiti ya phytochemicals nk’ikintu cyihishe bigenda bihinduka buhoro buhoro, kuko ikiguzi cyo kutubahiriza amategeko kigenda cyiyongera. Ku isoko, amasosiyete amwe n’ibicuruzwa bitari ibyemewe kandi bigira uruhare runini amaherezo bizavanwaho. Iyi nyanja y'ubururu yo gutera no kuvugurura ubuhinzi irimo gukurura abahinzi ba none ngo bayikoreho ubushakashatsi, kandi impeshyi ye iraje koko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-11-2022