Fluoxapyr ni carboxamidefungicidebyakozwe na BASF.Ifite ibikorwa byiza byo gukumira no kuvura.Ikoreshwa mukurinda no kugenzura indwara yagutse yibihumyo, byibura ubwoko 26 bwindwara yibihumyo.Irashobora gukoreshwa mubihingwa bigera ku 100, nk'ibihingwa by'ibinyampeke, ibinyamisogwe, ibihingwa by'amavuta, ibishyimbo, ibiti by'imbuto n'imbuto by'amabuye, imboga z'imizi n'ibijumba, imboga z'imbuto n'ipamba, kuvura amababi cyangwa imbuto.Fluoxafenamide ni inhibitor ya dehydrogenase hamwe na fungiside nziza yateye imbere mumyaka yashize.
Imiterere ya fiziki ya chimique ya fluconazole
Izina ryimiti ya Fluconazole: 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- (3 ′, 4 ′, 5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3- (Methyl difluoro) -1- methyl-N- (3 ′, 4 ′, 5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;CAS No: 907204-31-3, Inzira ya molekulari: C18H12F5N3O.Uburemere bwa molekuline: 381.31 g / mol.Fluoxapyr (ubuziranenge 99.3%) ni umweru kugirango beige ikomeye, idafite impumuro nziza, gushonga ingingo 156.8 ℃, ubucucike bugereranije (20 ℃) 1.42 g / mL, ibora nka 230 ℃, umuvuduko wumwuka (ugereranije): 2.7 × 10- 9 Pa ( 20 ° C), 8.1 × 10-9 Pa (25 ° C);Guhoraho kwa Henry: 3.028 × 10-7 Pa · m3 / mol.Gukemura (20 ℃): amazi 3,88 mg / L (pH 5.84), 3,78 mg / L (pH 4.01), 3.44 mg / L (pH 7.00), 3.84 mg / L (pH 9.00);ibishishwa kama (ubuziranenge bwa tekiniki 99.2)%) (g / L, 20 ℃): acetone> 250, acetonitrile 167.6 ± 0.2, dichloromethane 146.1 ± 0.3, acetate ya Ethyl 123.3 ± 0.2, methanol 53.4 ± 0.0, toluene 20.0 ± 0.0, n- octanol 4.69 ± 0.1, n-heptane 0.106 ± 0.001.n-octanol-coeffice yo kugabana amazi (20 ° C): ibiti byamazi ya deionised Kow 3.08, log Kow 3.09 (pH 4), log Kow 3.13 (pH 7), log Kow 3.09 (pH 9), impuzandengo ya Kow (3.10 ± 0.02) ).Ihamye mubisubizo byamazi kuri pH 4, 5, 7, 9 mubihe byumwijima kandi bidafite ubuzima.Amatara arahamye.
Uburozi bwa Fluoxafen
Uburozi bukabije bwo mu kanwa ku mbeba (igitsina gore) z'umuti wambere wa fluconazole: LD50≥2,000 mg / kg, uburozi bukabije bwa dermal mu mbeba (umugabo n'umugore): LD50> 2000 mg / kg, uburozi bukabije bwo guhumeka ku mbeba (umugabo n'umugore) : LC50 ＞ 5.1 mg / L;kurakara gato kumaso y'urukwavu n'uruhu rw'inkwavu;nta sensibilisation kuruhu rwingurube.Nta kanseri, nta teratogenicite, nta ngaruka mbi ku myororokere, nta genotoxicity, neurotoxicity na immunotoxicity.
Uburozi bukabije ku nyoni LD50 ＞ 2000 mg / kg, uburozi bukabije kuri Daphnia 6.78 mg / L (48 h), uburozi bukabije ku mafi (96 h) LC50 0.546 mg / L, uburozi bukabije bw’inyamaswa zo mu mazi (48 h)) EC50 6.78 mg / L, uburozi bukabije kuri algae (72 h) EC50 0,70 mg / L, uburozi bukabije bwo guhura n'inzuki (48 h) LD50> 100 μg / inzuki, uburozi bukabije bwo mu kanwa ku nzuki (48 h) LD50> 110.9 μg / inzuki, uburozi bukabije bwinzoka ni LC50> 1.000 mg / kg (iminsi 14).Duhereye ku makuru yavuzwe haruguru, dushobora kubona ko Fluoxafen ifite ubumara ku binyabuzima byo mu mazi kandi ifite uburozi buke ku bindi binyabuzima bifite akamaro.
Uburyo bwibikorwa bya fluoxafen
Fluoxafenamide ni inibitori ya dehydrogenase ikora, ikora kuri succinc dehydrogenase mu ruhererekane rw'ubuhumekero rwa mitochondrial II kugira ngo ibuze ibikorwa byayo, bityo ikabuza kumera kw'imyunyungugu itera indwara ya mikorobe, imikurire ya mikorobe na mycelium.
Kugenzura ibintu bya Fluconazole
Fluoxamid ikora neza cyane, yagutse cyane, iramba, ihitamo, ifite uburyo bwiza bwa sisitemu, kandi irwanya isuri.Irashobora kugenzura neza ibinyampeke, soya, ibigori, kungufu, ibiti byimbuto, imboga, na beterave isukari binyuze mumababi no kuvura imbuto., ibishyimbo, ipamba, ibyatsi nibihingwa byihariye, nibindi, nkibinyampeke, soya, ibiti byimbuto n'imboga byatewe na Concha, Botrytis cinerea, Powdery mildew, Cercospora, Puccinia, Rhizoctonia, Indwara ya Sclerotium iterwa na cavity fungi, botrytis cinerea, rust , ifu ya mildew y'ibinyamisogwe, indwara ya pamba, izuba hamwe n'indwara zifata kungufu ziterwa na Alternariya, nibindi. Kwiyandikisha kugirango bikoreshe ku bihingwa birenga 70 bitarenze 2015, BASF igamije kwiyandikisha kugirango ikoreshwe ku bihingwa birenga 100.
Fluoxafen ifite imiterere ihindagurika, kandi hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibicuruzwa bivanze.Adexar (fluconazole + epoxiconazole) ikoreshwa mu ngano, sayiri, triticale, umutsima na oati kugirango igabanye ifu yifu, ibibabi byamababi, glume blight, ingese yumurongo hamwe nigituba cyibabi.Priaxor (flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin) yanditswe muri Amerika muri soya, inyanya, ibirayi n'ibindi bihingwa byo mu murima, kandi bigira ingaruka zidasanzwe ku kugenzura ikibara cya soya (Septoria glycines);Orkestra SC (flufenapyr + Pyraclostrobin) yanditswe muri Berezile kuri soya, citrusi, ibirayi, igitunguru, karoti, pome, imyembe, melon, imyumbati, urusenda, inyanya, canola, ibishyimbo, ibishyimbo by'impyiko, izuba, amasaka, ibigori, ingano na ingano. indabyo (Chrysanthemum na roza), nibindi, birashobora kugenzura ingese ya soya yo muri Aziya, kuzamura fotosintezeza y ibihingwa, kandi bigakoreshwa mugucunga indwara.Priaxor D (flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + tetraflufenazole) yanditswe muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika kugirango ikumire kandi igenzure ikibara cya soya kirwanya fungiside.Umukozi wo kuvura imbuto Obvius (flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + metalaxyl) yanditswe muri Amerika kandi arashobora kurwanya indwara zitandukanye ziterwa ningemwe ziterwa nibihingwa byinshi.
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungiside yakuze vuba mumyaka yashize, kandi fluoxamid nigicuruzwa cyambere muri ubu bwoko bwa fungicide, bitewe nubushobozi bwacyo bwinshi, ibintu byinshi, ibikorwa bya sisitemu, bikwiranye nibihingwa bitandukanye nibindi biranga By'umwihariko, bikomeza Iterambere ryibicuruzwa bivanze byongereye uburyo bwo kugenzura no kugereranya ibihingwa byakoreshejwe, kandi bihinduka isaro ryiza ku isoko rya fungiside.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-18-2022