Amakuru yo ku ya 1 Mata: Impuguke mu isoko ziherutse kuvuga ko ibiciro by’ifumbire mvaruganda n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bitangiye kugira ingaruka ku byemezo by’ubuhinzi by’ibihugu bikomeye byohereza mu mahanga. Impuguke mu isoko muri Tayilande no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zagaragaje ko abahinzi b’umuceri bashobora kugabanya umusaruro wabo, ibi bikaba byagabanya umusaruro w’umuceri kandi bikaba byakongera ibura ry’ibicuruzwa ku isi mu mwaka ukurikira.Ariko, Ubuhinde bufite ububiko bw'ifumbire mvaruganda buhagije kandi bufite inkunga ya leta, bifasha kurinda isoko ryayo ry'imbere mu gihugu ingaruka zitaziguye.
Iri tandukaniro riri hagati y’igitutu cy’ibiciro n’inkunga ya politiki ryitezweho kongera ubusumbane mu bucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa mu karere, rishobora gushyigikira ibiciro by’umuceri ku isi no kongera kwishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa by’Abahinde batumiza ibicuruzwa ku isi.
Tayilande:
Ingufu z'ibiciro zigira ingaruka ku byemezo by'ubuhinzi
Kubera ko ibiciro by'ifumbire mvaruganda n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli byazamutse cyane, abashoramari ku isoko muri Tayilande babonye ibimenyetso bya mbere by'impinduka mu myitwarire y'abahinzi. Umucuruzi wo muri Bangkok yavuze ko bitewe n'ibiciro biri hasi by'umuceri muri iki gihe, yizera ko abahinzi bashobora kugabanya ingano y'ifumbire ikoreshwa cyangwa bakagabanya ubuso bw'ubuhinzi.
Undi mucuruzi wo muri Bangkok yavuze ko guhinga ibihingwa muri iki gihembwe bigoye cyane, atari ukubera izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ifumbire mvaruganda gusa ahubwo no kwiyongera gukomeye kw’ibiciro bya lisansi. Ibiciro bya lisansi byazamutseho hafi 30%, kandi ibura ry’ibicuruzwa riri kubangamira imirimo yo gusarura, bigatera kwangirika kw’ibihingwa mu turere twinshi.
Nk’uko raporo iheruka yavuye mu ishami rishinzwe ubuhinzi n’amahanga rya Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi ya Amerika (FAS) ibivuga, umusaruro w’umuceri wa Tayilande mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2025/26 (kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukuboza) witezwe kugabanuka ukagera kuri toni miliyoni 20.4, ugereranije na toni miliyoni 20.8 z’umwaka ushize. Ibi biterwa ahanini n’ubuso bw’aho batera bwagabanutse kuva kuri hegitari miliyoni 11.08 mu mwaka ushize ukagera kuri hegitari miliyoni 10.80.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika:
Izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ifumbire mvaruganda ribangamiye ahantu ho guhinga
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ifumbire mvaruganda ryitezweho kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku byemezo byo gutera, cyane cyane iyo inyungu zisanzwe ari nke.
Umwe mu bashinzwe ibiribwa yavuze ko izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ifumbire mvaruganda riherutse kwiyongera rizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ry’umuceri muri Amerika. Impuguke mu nganda zagaragaje ko hakiri ibura ry’ifumbire mvaruganda rigera kuri 30% rikenewe ku gihingwa cy’umuceri cya 2026/27. Ifumbire nyinshi zaguzwe n’abahinzi mbere y’uko intambara ikomeza mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Mbere y’intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, igiciro cy’ifumbire ya fosifore cyari hagati ya $475 na $500 kuri toni, ariko ubu cyazamutse kigera kuri $800 kuri toni cyangwa kirenzeho.
Umusesenguzi w’isoko ry’umuceri w’Umunyamerika yagaragaje ko kuva aho amakimbirane atangiriye mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ikiguzi cy’ifumbire cyazamutseho 70%-75%, bitera impungenge ku igabanuka ry’ubuso bw’aho batera, nubwo ingaruka zihariye zitarasobanuka neza.
Ariko, ibintu biratandukanye bitewe n'ahantu n'ahandi. Muri Kaliforuniya, umusaruro w'umuceri w'ingano ziciriritse witezweho gukomeza kumera neza. Umuhinzi umwe yavuze ko bitewe n'ibura ry'ibihingwa bishya, ubuso bw'ubuhinzi bw'umuceri muri Kaliforuniya budashobora kugabanuka.
Uretse ikiguzi cy'ifumbire mvaruganda, abahinzi bahura n'ikibazo cy'ibiciro byiyongera, birimo gutwara, imiti n'ibipfunyika, ibyo bikaba birushaho kugabanya inyungu.
Raporo y’imigambi yo guhinga yashyizwe ahagaragara na Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi ya Amerika ku ya 31 Werurwe yemeje ibyo isoko ryitezwe. Raporo igaragaza ko ubuso bw’umuceri w’ingano ndende muri uyu mwaka ari hegitari miliyoni 1.648, ikaba igabanutseho cyane 24% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, kandi izaba ari yo iri hasi cyane kuva mu 1983, bigaragaza ko ubushobozi bwo gukora bwagabanutse cyane.
Ubuhinde:
Ingamba za leta zo kugabanya ingaruka ku ifumbire
Mu buryo bunyuranye, Ubuhinde busa n’aho bufite uruhare runini mu ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’ifumbire ku isi, bitewe n’ingano ihagije y’ububiko bw’ifumbire ndetse n’ingamba zafashwe na leta mbere y’igihe cy’ihinga cy’umuhindo.
Minisiteri y’Ubuhinde ishinzwe imiti n’ifumbire mvaruganda yasohoye raporo ku ya 10 Werurwe ivuga ko mu gihembwe cyo kubiba mu ntangiriro z’impeshyi (kuva ku ya 1 Ukwakira 2025 kugeza ku ya 5 Werurwe 2026), itangwa rya urea, diammonium phosphate (DAP), potasiyumu chloride (MOP), n’ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote-phosphorus-kinu (NPKS) ryari rihagije cyane, rishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by’ubuhinzi, kandi imiterere y’ububiko bw’ibicuruzwa mu gihugu yari myiza.
Iyi nyandiko ivuga kandi ko mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibyago byo gutanga ifumbire no kwemeza ko itangwa ritazongera kubura, guverinoma yagiranye imikoranire n’ibihugu bikungahaye ku mutungo kugira ngo byorohereze gusinya amasezerano y’igihe kirekire n’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane hagati y’ibigo by’ifumbire mvaruganda byo mu Buhinde n’abatanga ifumbire mpuzamahanga. Muri ayo masezerano harimo gutumiza toni miliyoni 3.1 z’ifumbire mvaruganda buri mwaka muri Arabiya Sawudite, toni miliyoni 3.01 zivuye mu Burusiya, na toni miliyoni 2.5 zivuye muri Maroc.
Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi mu Buhinde yavuze ko Ubuhinde bwongereye ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga binyuze mu gutanga amasoko. Ku itariki ya 10 Werurwe, ingano y'ibitumizwa mu mahanga yari yariyongereyeho 36.6% ugereranyije n'umwaka. Umucuruzi wohereza umuceri mu mahanga i Delhi yavuze ko akurikije uko abyumva, ifumbire ntabwo irakibazo kuko uruvange rw'ibicuruzwa byo mu Buhinde rurimo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa.
Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'Amahanga, Randhir Jaswal, yavuze mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru cyabaye ku ya 19 Werurwe ko, ku bijyanye n'uburyo ifumbire itangwa ubu, cyane cyane ku bihingwa byo mu gihe cy'ihinga cy'umuhindo wa 2026, ububiko bw'ifumbire burahagije. Minisiteri y'Ifumbire yanatanze isoko mpuzamahanga mbere y'igihe kugira ngo ihangane n'ikibazo kirimo, kandi yabonye igisubizo cyiza cyane. Twiteze ko ifumbire nyinshi zatumijwe mu nzira zitandukanye zizahagera mu mpera za Werurwe.
Impuguke mu isoko zongeyeho ko nubwo ibiciro by'ifumbire byazamutse, Ubuhinde bushobora kuzagira ingaruka kuko leta izihanganira ingaruka z'izamuka ry'ibiciro. Ibi bisa n'ibiri ku isoko rya peteroli, aho ibiciro bya peteroli ku isi byazamutse ariko ibiciro bya lisansi mu gihugu mu Buhinde byo ntibizamutse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 21 Mata 2026
