Mu gutangiza ikibazo kijyanye no kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’icyaro no guteza imbere kuvugurura icyaro mu buryo bwuzuye, urufunguzo rwo kuvugurura ubuhinzi ruri mu kuvugururaubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi.
Mu 2025, Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Ibyaro, ku bufatanye n'amashami abishinzwe nka Minisiteri y'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga, Minisiteri y'Uburezi, n'Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi ry'Abashinwa, izibanda ku kunoza imikorere rusange ya sisitemu y'ubuhanga mu by'ubuhinzi n'ikoranabuhanga, gushimangira imbaraga z'igihugu mu by'ubuhinzi n'ikoranabuhanga, gushimangira umwanya w'imbere w'ibigo by'ubuhinzi mu guhanga udushya mu by'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, no guteza imbere ubushakashatsi n'iterambere biteguye ndetse no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi. Igipimo cy'uruhare rwaubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzikugira ngo ubukungu bw'igihugu burusheho kwiyongera ku kigero cya 64%.
Ubwa mbere, havumbuwe ibintu by'ingenzi mu bushakashatsi bw'ibanze. Ibanga ry'uburyo ingirabuzimafatizo imwe "ihinduka" ikaba ikimera cyuzuye ryahishuwe neza, ritanga ishingiro rishya ry'inyigisho zo kunoza imiterere y'ibihingwa no kuvugurura neza. Iki gikorwa cyatoranyijwe nk'imwe mu nkuru icumi za siyansi zo mu gihugu mu 2025. Ingirabuzimafatizo ya mbere y'umuceri ku isi irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi yakozwe nk'iy'umuceri, itanga igisubizo gishya cyo kugera ku musaruro uhamye kandi mwiza w'umuceri mu bidukikije bishyuha cyane. Iki kinyamakuru cya Science cyashyize ahagaragara kimwe mu byavumbuwe icumi bya siyansi ku isi mu 2025.
Icya kabiri, hari intambwe ikomeye yagezweho mu bushakashatsi ku mipaka. Ubuhinzi bw’ibinyabuzima bwateye imbere cyane, “ubwenge bw’ubukorano + ubuhinzi” bwihutishijwe mu miterere yabwo, kandi ubuhinzi bw’ikoranabuhanga bugezweho bwakomeje gusubirwamo no gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Icya gatatu, hari byinshi byagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga ry’inganda. Ubwoko bushya bw’ingano, Yangmai 53, bwarorowe, butanga inzira yo gukemura neza ibibazo byo kurwanya fusarium wilt, umusaruro no kunoza imikoranire myiza. Habayeho iterambere mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere imashini nshya zikora ingufu mu buhinzi kandi zarakoreshejwe. Ikibazo cyo "kuboneka kw'ibinyabutabire" no "gukoresha ibinyabutabire" mu turere tumwe na tumwe tw’imisozi n’imisozi miremire cyaragabanutse neza, kandi ubushakashatsi n’ikoreshwa rya robo zikora mu buhinzi byihutishijwe kandi bigerwaho.
Hanyuma, Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Icyaro izibanda ku guteza imbere guhuza cyane udushya mu bya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga hamwe n'udushya mu nganda, no guteza imbere imbaraga nshya zitanga umusaruro mu buhinzi hashingiwe ku miterere y'aho batuye.
Ubwa mbere, tuzakomeza gutanga umusaruro w’ibyagezweho mu rwego rwa siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga. Tuzakomeza kunoza uburyo bw’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bukubiyemo “gukusanya ibyifuzo by’inganda, gukora ubushakashatsi n’ibyerekanwa mu buryo butandukanye, no gusuzuma no kwakira ibyavuye mu bakoresha”, kandi twihutishe kugera ku musaruro w’ibanze n’ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu mbuto z’ibanze, ibikoresho by’abahanga mu by’ubuhanga, n’ibikoresho by’ubuhinzi bikwiriye mu turere tw’imisozi miremire n’imisozi miremire.
Icya kabiri, tuzashimangira ubuhinzi bw'ibigo bikomeye by'ikoranabuhanga. Tuzashyira mu bikorwa mu buryo bwimbitse umushinga w'ubuhinzi bw'ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi "ibihumbi ijana, ibihumbi icumi", duteze imbere kwegeranya umutungo w'udushya mu bigo, dushyireho amashyirahamwe menshi y'udushya ayobowe n'ibigo, kandi duteze imbere udushya duhuriweho binyuze mu bufatanye hagati y'inganda na kaminuza mu bushakashatsi.
Icya gatatu, tuzashimangira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga n’ubumenyingiro. Tuzashyira mu bikorwa igikorwa cyo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya mu buhinzi, ibicuruzwa bishya, n’ibintu bishya, twubake ishingiro ry’igerageza ry’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, dushyireho uburyo bwinshi bwo kugerageza no kugenzura ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, kandi twihutishe iterambere n’impinduka mu byagezweho mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi. Kongera imbaraga mu bigo n’amatsinda yo kwagura ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, gukoresha inshingano z’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi, za kaminuza n’ibigo, no kwihutisha guteza imbere ibyagezweho mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi mu midugudu no mu ngo.
Mu mwaka ushize, iterambere ry’ubuhinzi ku bidukikije ryagize impinduka zikomeye, rigera ku iterambere ryiza. Igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire mvaruganda n’imiti yica udukoko cyariyongereye cyane, kandi igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire y’amatungo n’inkoko cyarenze 80%. Umubare w’ibiribwa bibisi, ibikomoka ku bimera, ibikomoka ku buhinzi byihariye n’ibishya by’ubuhinzi, hamwe n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi byerekana aho biherereye byarenze 88.000. Muri 2026, Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Icyaro izashyiraho kandi ishyire mu bikorwa igitekerezo cy’uko (imisozi mibisi n’amazi meza) bingana n’imisozi ya zahabu na feza, iharanira kunoza uburyo bw’inzego, yihutishe impinduka mu buryo bw’iterambere, kandi iteze imbere impinduka mu buryo bw’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi ku bidukikije kugira ngo igere ku iterambere rikomeye.
Ubwa mbere, guteza imbere kubungabunga umutungo kamere no kugabanya ingano y’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buhinzi ariko nanone bikongera imikorere myiza. Kongera imbaraga mu kurinda no gukoresha neza umutungo kamere w’ubutaka buhingwa, no kunoza ireme ry’ubutaka buhingwa. Kongera imbaraga mu kuzigama amazi binyuze mu buhanga bw’ubuhinzi, ingamba z’ubuhanga, n’uburyo bwo gucunga, no gushishikariza gukoresha amazi y’ubuhinzi neza kandi buhendutse. Kongera imbaraga mu gushyira mu bikorwa ifumbire mvaruganda n’imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bwa siyansi, no gukoresha neza amazi yanduye aturuka mu bworozi bw’amafi. Kongera imbaraga mu ikoreshwa n’imicungire ya pulasitiki mu buhanga, no kunoza imicungire y’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buhinzi.
Icya kabiri, guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’imyanda. Imyanda ni umutungo utari uwayo. Kwagura inzira zo gukoresha ibyatsi, kunoza urwego rwa siyansi n’urusanzwe rw’ibyatsi bigaruka mu butaka; guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ibyatsi by’amatungo n’inkoko, no kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry’imyanda y’ibyatsi byo mu cyaro.
Icya gatatu, guteza imbere ituze n'ubusumbane bw'ibinyabuzima by'ubuhinzi. Guteza imbere gusana ibibaya by'ingenzi by'imigezi, gutunganya ibidukikije mu buhinzi mu kibaya cya Yangtze, gushyira mu bikorwa mu buryo budasubirwaho itegeko ribuza uburobyi mu gihe cy'imyaka icumi, gushimangira uburinzi bw'ibidukikije mu buhinzi mu kibaya cy'umuhondo, gushyira mu bikorwa byihutirwa itegeko ribuza uburobyi mu mpeshyi, no kunoza ikoreshwa ry'umutungo kamere wo mu nyanja mu buryo burambye. Kongera agaciro k'ubuhinzi mu bidukikije, guteza imbere kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya karuboni mu buhinzi, no kunoza ubushobozi bw'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi mu guhangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Icya kane, guteza imbere impinduka mu buhinzi ku bidukikije no mu miterere y’ubutaka. Teganya gukora icyiciro gishya cy’umutungo w’ubuhinzi. Guteza imbere cyane ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n’ibidukikije n’uruziga, guteza imbere ubuhinzi buhuriweho, umusaruro w’ibinyampeke n’ibikomoka ku matungo, n’ubuhinzi buhuriweho n’umuceri n’amafi. Guteza imbere uruhererekane rw’agaciro k’ubuhinzi bukoresha ibidukikije n’ibikomoka ku matungo, kwihutisha guteza imbere kugabanya no kongera agaciro k’ibikomoka ku matungo, guteza imbere kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuzenguruka no kunoza imikorere, no kongera urwego rw’umutekano n’ubwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-10-2026
