Imiti yica udukoko twangiza mikorobe ni iki?

Imiti yica udukoko twa mikorobe yerekeza ku miti yica udukoko dukomoka kuri biologiya ikoresha bagiteri, ibihumyo, virusi, protozoa, cyangwa ibinyabuzima byahinduwe mu buryo bwa genoside nk'ibikoresho bifatika byo gukumira no kurwanya ibinyabuzima byangiza nk'indwara, udukoko, ibyatsi, n'imbeba. Harimo no gukoresha bagiteri mu kurwanya udukoko, gukoresha bagiteri kurwanya bagiteri, no gukoresha bagiteri kurumamfu.Ubu bwoko bwica udukoko bufite amahitamo akomeye, butekanye kubantu, amatungo, ibihingwa, nibidukikije, ntabwo byangiza abanzi karemano, kandi ntibishobora kurwanywa.

Ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere imiti yica udukoko twangiza mikorobe bizagera ku musaruro mwiza kandi utekanye w’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi, bizamura agaciro k’ubukungu bw’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi, kwagura isoko ryoherezwa mu mahanga ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi n’ibicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa, kandi biteze imbere iterambere ry’inganda z’icyatsi. Imiti yica udukoko twangiza mikorobe. , nk'imwe mu bikoresho bikenewe kugira ngo habeho umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi butarangwamo umwanda, bizagira isoko rikomeye mu gukumira no kurwanya indwara z’udukoko n’udukoko.

Kubwibyo rero, kwihutisha iterambere, inganda, no guteza imbere imiti yica udukoko twangiza mikorobe, kugabanya ibisigisigi byica udukoko twangiza ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ibihumanya ibidukikije by’ubuhinzi, kugera ku buryo burambye bwo kurwanya indwara n’ibihingwa by’ibihingwa, no guhaza icyifuzo cy’ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi muri inganda z’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi bitagira umwanda mu Bushinwa, byanze bikunze bizatanga inyungu nini mu mibereho, ubukungu, n’ibidukikije.

Icyerekezo cy'iterambere:

1. Ubutaka bwo kurwanya indwara no kurwanya udukoko

Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bugomba gukorwa kubutaka buhagarika indwara nudukoko.Ubu butaka bufite mikorobe ikomeza kubuza bagiteri gutera indwara kandi udukoko twangiza.

2. Kurwanya nyakatsi

Kurwanya ibinyabuzima byangiza ibyatsi ni ugukoresha inyamaswa zibyatsi cyangwa ibinyabuzima bitera mikorobe hamwe n’urwego rwihariye rwo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi bigira ingaruka ku mibereho y’ubukungu bw’abantu munsi y’ubukungu bw’ubukungu. Ugereranije no kurwanya nyakatsi, kurwanya nyakatsi y’ibinyabuzima bifite ibyiza byo kutanduza kubidukikije, nta byangiza ibiyobyabwenge, ninyungu nyinshi zubukungu.Rimwe na rimwe, kumenyekanisha neza abanzi karemano birashobora gukemura ikibazo cyo kwangiza ibyatsi rimwe na rimwe.

3. Ingirabuzimafatizo zakozwe na genetike

Mu myaka yashize, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na mikorobe ikozwe na genetique bwarakoze cyane, kandi bwinjiye mubyiciro mbere y’ibimera byakozwe na geneti by’indwara no kurwanya udukoko.Iterambere ryerekana imbaraga nini za biotechnologie yo guteza imbere ingirabuzimafatizo ya biocontrol kandi ishyiraho urufatiro rwo gukomeza gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere igisekuru gishya cy’udukoko twangiza udukoko.

4. Indwara yahinduwe genetike hamwe nibimera birwanya udukoko

Indwara ya transgenji hamwe n’ibiti birwanya udukoko byafunguye inzira nshya zo kurwanya udukoko.Mu 1985, abahanga b'Abanyamerika binjije ikote proteine ​​gene (cp) ya virusi ya mosaic itabi mu itabi ryoroshye, kandi ibimera bya transgenji byongereye imbaraga zo kurwanya virusi. Ubu buryo bwo kubona indwara zanduza virusi ya CP nyuma bwageze ku ntsinzi ku bimera byinshi nkibyo. nk'inyanya, ibirayi, soya, n'umuceri.Birashobora kugaragara ko ubu ari ubushakashatsi butanga bioengineering.