Ni iyihe miti itatu y’ingenzi yica udukoko mu miti ivura imbuto z’ingano ikora neza kurusha iyindi?

Bitewe n'uko udukoko two mu butaka twiyongereye cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha, gukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa ibyatsi bigaruka mu mirima no mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe byatanze imimerere myiza ku dukoko twinshi two mu butaka. Iyo umuti wica udukoko watoranijwe mu gutera imbuto z'ingano udakwiye, ushobora gutera ibibazo nko kubura imbuto no kwangirika (guhagarara k'umurongo) mu ngano. Muri iki gihe, imiti isanzwe yo gutera imbuto ku isoko igizwe ahanini n'imiti yica udukoko ishingiye kuri nikotine ifite ingaruka nziza zo kwinjiza imbere. Imiti isanzwe ni imiti itatu y'ingenzi yica udukoko iri mu miti yo gutera imbuto - imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, na thiamethionam.

1. Imidaclopride

Imidacloprid ni yo miti ya mbere yica udukoko yakoreshejwe mu kuvanga imbuto z'ingano. Ni yo miti ya mbere y’ubwoko bw’imbuto z’ingano. Yageze ku ntambwe ikomeye mu buhinzi bw’ingano muri uwo mwaka, ifite ubushobozi bwiza mu kurwanya udukoko tw’ingano. Nyuma yo kuvanga na imidacloprid, hari udukoko duke cyane mu cyiciro cya nyuma. Ariko, ikibazo kiri kuri imidacloprid ubu ni uko iyo ikoreshejwe ku bwinshi mu gihe kirekire, udukoko turushaho kumererwa nabi. Ikwiriye gusa ahantu hagaragara udukoko duke cyangwa ahantu harangwa no kurwanya udukoko muri rusange, cyangwa ahantu hatakunze gukoreshwa imiti ivangavanze imbuto. Igiciro ni gito. Byongeye kandi, imidacloprid ifite ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kurwanya udukoko n’utundi dukoko turi munsi y’ubutaka. Ntibyemewe guhitamo imiti ivangavanze imbuto irimo imidacloprid ku mirima yangiza udukoko turi munsi y’ubutaka.

2. Thiamethoxam

Muri iki gihe, ni umuti wica udukoko ukoreshwa mu gutera imbuto z'ingano mu gukumira udukoko. Icyihariye ni uburyo butatu bwa benomyl·cyprodinil·thiamethoxam.

Thiamethoxam ni umuti wica udukoko ukomoka kuri nikotine ukora neza cyane. Ufata ku buso bw'imbuto kandi ushobora gukururwa n'imizi nyuma. Igihe cyose udukoko turya imyaka, tuzarogerwa hanyuma tugapfa. Ugira ingaruka ndende kandi ugira akamaro kanini mu gukumira udukoko nk'udukoko tw'inkoko n'udusimba. Ugereranyije na imidacloprid, ufite inyungu zigaragara mu kwica udukoko no kurwanya udukoko two munsi y'ubutaka. Muri iki gihe, kurwanya udukoko ni bike. Byongeye kandi, thiamethoxam ntabwo ifite ingaruka nziza zo kurwanya udukoko gusa ahubwo inateza imbere imikurire y'ibihingwa, bigatuma iba umuti wica udukoko uhendutse kandi ufatika.

3. Clothiandin

Mu myaka ibiri ishize, inganda nyinshi zakomeje kwamamaza iki gicuruzwa kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu gutunganya imbuto z'ingano. Ingaruka zacyo ni nziza cyane, kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo gusimbura thiamethoxam nk'igicuruzwa cy'ingenzi mu gutunganya imbuto z'ingano. Ingaruka za thiamethoxam mu buryo bw'umubiri ni nkeya ugereranyije n'iza thiamethionam, ariko kiguma mu butaka igihe kirekire.

Inyandiko:

Ubwa mbere, mu gutera imbuto, iyi miti itatu yica udukoko ikomoka kuri nikotine igomba gutoranywa. Mu gihe ukoresha, ni byiza ko abahinzi bayivanga n'imiti yica udukoko, nka carbendazim, benomyl, n'ibindi. Uburyo bwo kuvura udukoko n'indwara buhuriweho ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho umusaruro.

Icya kabiri, mu gihe uhitamo, gerageza guhitamo ubwoko bw'ibice bikingira imbuto bikoreshwa mu gutera imbuto. Ubu bwoko bwagenewe gusana imbuto kandi bufite igipimo cyo hejuru cyo gukoresha kandi bufite umutekano mwiza. Niba bidashoboka kugura ibice bikingira imbuto byabugenewe, ushobora guhitamo ubwoko bw'ibice bikingira cyangwa ubwoko bw'ibice bidashobora gushonga mu mazi (bidafite ubwoko bw'amavuta ashobora gushonga). Ariko, mu gihe ukoresha, hagomba kongerwa ingano ikwiye kugira ngo harebwe ko ingano ikora neza.